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. 2013 Jan 7;110(4):1187–1192. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1210548110

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Fig. 3. — Rectification of algal locomotion in microfluidic ratchets. (A) When confined in a quasi-2D chamber (height, 25 μm), WT CC125 perform run-and-turn motions, moving ballistically (average speed μm/s) on short time scales (<2 s) and diffusively on larger time scales. (B) Ratchet geometry and schematic representation of secondary algal scattering. (C) Rectified steady state for a chamber with four compartments (Movie S7). (Scale bar: 0.5 mm.) (D) In both simulations of the minimal model (Materials and Methods) and experiments, the rectification efficiency exhibits a maximum near to the theoretically predicted optimal ratchet parameters. Each data point (circles) represents an average over three to five different experiments. Rectification efficiencies are linearly interpolated. The SD for different experiments is less than 30% of the mean value.

Inline graphic — Rectification of algal locomotion in microfluidic ratchets. (A) When confined in a quasi-2D chamber (height, 25 μm), WT CC125 perform run-and-turn motions, moving ballistically (average speed μm/s) on short time scales (<2 s) and diffusively on larger time scales. (B) Ratchet geometry and schematic representation of secondary algal scattering. (C) Rectified steady state for a chamber with four compartments (Movie S7). (Scale bar: 0.5 mm.) (D) In both simulations of the minimal model (Materials and Methods) and experiments, the rectification efficiency exhibits a maximum near to the theoretically predicted optimal ratchet parameters. Each data point (circles) represents an average over three to five different experiments. Rectification efficiencies are linearly interpolated. The SD for different experiments is less than 30% of the mean value.