Effect of acetoin and 23BD on growth. (A) Time course for the growth of S. elongatus in the absence of acetoin (●) or in the presence of 0.05 g/L (○), 0.1 g/L (◇), 0.2 g/L (□), and 1.0 g/L (△) acetoin. (B) Time course for the growth of S. elongatus in the absence of 23BD (●) or in the presence of 10 g/L (○), 15 g/L (◇), 30 g/L (□), and 50 g/L (△) 23BD. Cells were incubated in BG-11 containing 50 mM NaHCO3 at 30 °C. Error bars are SD (n = 3).