Table 1.

The IC₅₀values of five RC extracts and the positive controls (μg/mL)

Assays	PERC	EARC	AERC	95ERC	WRC	GSH
Anti-lipid peroxidation	13.99 ± 2.11e	4.55 ± 0.44 b	14.92 ± 4.31 d	10.62 ± 0.97 c	19.18 ± 2.04 f	0.028 ± 0.00 a *
DNA protective effect	-	1905.51 ± 177.54 c	14397.18 ± 1075.01 d	1090.11 ± 21.25 b	-	114.42 ± 2.66 a **
·OH	561.19 ± 21.16 f	111.55 ± 1.32 c	132.32 ± 0.15 d	84.30 ± 1.02 b	233.45 ± 15.70 e	37.67 ± 0.67 a **
·O2-	322.81 ± 14.90 b	306.68 ± 0.87 b	284.36 ± 11.43 b	301.08 ± 8.34 b	650.65 ± 59.55 c	81.65 ± 5.21 a
Chelating	191.86 ± 1.84 b	319.20 ± 6.36 c	872.71 ± 30.63 e	553.34 ± 12.59 d	2289.11 ± 100.00 f	107.86 ± 0.31 a ***
DPPH·	813.00 ± 225.17 d	227.09 ± 10.14 b	260.34 ± 11.37 c	254.73 ± 4.33 c	229.17 ± 5.81 b	5.13 ± 1.19 a **
ABTS·+	395.65 ± 77.34 e	72.10 ± 1.32 b	96.39 ± 1.12 d	94.38 ± 2.45 d	83.58 ± 0.81 c	4.76 ± 0.28 a
Fe3+ reducing	533.12 ± 54.25 e	159.35 ± 1.37 b	317.06 ± 3.47 c	156.19 ± 2.12 b	488.75 ± 18.6 0 d	51.89 ± 1.29 a

IC₅₀ value is defined as the concentration of 50% effect percentage and calculated by linear regression analysis and expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). The linear regression was analyzed by Origin 6.0 professional software. Means values with different superscripts in the same row are significantly different (p < 0.05), while with same superscripts are not significantly different (p < 0.05). *The positive control was BHA, instead of GSH. ** The positive control was Trolox, instead of GSH. *** The positive control was Sodium citrate. Results were analyzed by independent samples. PERC, petroleum ether extract of rhizoma Cimicifugae; EARC, ethyl acetate extract of rhizoma Cimicifugae; AERC, absolute ethanol extract of rhizoma Cimicifugae; 95ERC, 95% ethanol extract of rhizoma Cimicifugae; WRC, water extract of rhizoma Cimicifugae. --: Cannot be detected.