Table 7. The shared features sorted by their agreed stabilities from the most stable to the most unstable.
Rank | ID | Name | Abbr. name | PC1 | PC1* | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 |
1 | 18 | Absence of Common Consonants | AbsComC | 4.41 | 5.16 | −1.01 | 0.31 | 0.32 |
2 | 11 | Front Rounded Vowels | FrRoundV | 3.48 | NA | −3.34 | 1.16 | 1.09 |
3 | 136 | M-T Pronouns | MTPron | 3.28 | NA | 0.35 | −3.51 | 1.15 |
4 | 86 | Order of Genitive and Noun | GenN | 3.28 | 4.17 | 2.30 | 0.46 | 0.57 |
5 | 83 | Order of Object and Verb | OV | 3.21 | 3.75 | 2.97 | 1.97 | 1.33 |
6 | 85 | Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase | AdposNP | 2.94 | 3.63 | 2.77 | 1.69 | 0.84 |
7 | 73 | The Optative | Optative | 2.81 | 2.70 | −1.41 | 0.63 | −1.09 |
8 | 80 | Verbal Number and Suppletion | VnumSupp | 2.61 | NA | 0.58 | −5.61 | 1.94 |
9 | 82 | Order of Subject and Verb | SV | 2.35 | 2.59 | −0.10 | 0.66 | 0.83 |
10 | 119 | Nominal and Locational Predication | NomLocPred | 2.25 | 3.21 | 0.98 | −0.51 | −1.49 |
11 | 10 | Vowel Nasalization | VowelN | 2.14 | 2.94 | −0.52 | −0.49 | −0.94 |
12 | 6 | Uvular Consonants | UvulC | 1.94 | 1.74 | −1.09 | 0.77 | −0.37 |
13 | 107 | Passive Constructions | PassiveC | 1.87 | 2.01 | −1.61 | 0.10 | 0.50 |
14 | 89 | Order of Numeral and Noun | NumN | 1.45 | 2.12 | 0.71 | 0.04 | −0.44 |
15 | 118 | Predicative Adjectives | PredAdj | 1.38 | 2.47 | 1.87 | −0.93 | −1.73 |
16 | 9 | The Velar Nasal | VelarN | 1.37 | 1.58 | −0.03 | 0.35 | −0.65 |
17 | 7 | Glottalized Consonants | GlotC | 1.36 | 1.70 | −0.43 | 0.45 | 0.16 |
18 | 87 | Order of Adjective and Noun | AdjN | 1.31 | 1.70 | 0.61 | 0.38 | −0.06 |
19 | 13 | Tone | Tone | 1.22 | 1.24 | −0.88 | 0.69 | −0.60 |
20 | 44 | Gender Dist. in Indep. Personal Pronouns | GenDIPersP | 1.16 | 1.74 | 0.27 | 0.01 | −0.04 |
21 | 120 | Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals | ZeroCopPredNom | 0.60 | 0.41 | −0.68 | 0.01 | −0.61 |
22 | 30 | Number of Genders | NoGen | 0.59 | 1.46 | 1.76 | −0.08 | −1.30 |
23 | 57 | Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes | PosProPAff | 0.58 | 1.31 | 1.44 | −0.90 | −0.76 |
24 | 93 | Pos. of Inter. Phrases in Content Questions | IntPhCQ | 0.55 | 0.86 | 0.07 | −0.10 | −0.39 |
25 | 58 | Obligatory Possessive Inflection | OlbPosInfl | 0.39 | NA | −2.87 | −0.16 | 1.52 |
26 | 55 | Numeral Classifiers | NumClas | 0.30 | 0.18 | −0.85 | −0.37 | −1.58 |
27 | 42 | Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives | PadDem | 0.16 | 0.30 | −0.14 | −0.56 | −1.83 |
28 | 77 | Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality | SemDistEv | −0.02 | −0.02 | 0.43 | 0.90 | 1.19 |
29 | 66 | The Past Tense | PastTense | −0.02 | 0.39 | 1.41 | 0.09 | −0.52 |
30 | 2 | Vowel Quality Inventories | Vowel | −0.07 | −0.11 | −0.60 | 0.27 | 0.21 |
31 | 79 | Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect | SuppTAsp | −0.12 | 0.01 | −0.22 | 0.23 | −1.24 |
32 | 65 | Perfective/Imperfective Aspect | PerfImpAsp | −0.12 | −0.25 | −0.67 | 0.44 | −0.77 |
33 | 8 | Lateral Consonants | LatC | −0.12 | 0.09 | −0.56 | 0.09 | 0.22 |
34 | 67 | The Future Tense | FutTense | −0.15 | −0.31 | −0.28 | 0.61 | 0.06 |
35 | 108 | Antipassive Constructions | AntipassiveC | −0.21 | −0.30 | −1.42 | 0.23 | −0.04 |
36 | 27 | Reduplication | Redup | −0.37 | −0.41 | −0.78 | −0.12 | −1.32 |
37 | 129 | Hand and Arm | HandArm | −0.40 | −0.64 | −0.83 | −0.17 | −1.77 |
38 | 91 | Order of Degree Word and Adjective | DegWAdj | −0.48 | −0.42 | −0.07 | −0.13 | −0.61 |
39 | 70 | The Morphological Imperative | MorphImp | −0.86 | −0.70 | 0.28 | 0.13 | 0.80 |
40 | 113 | Symm. and Asymmetric Standard Negation | SymAsymStNeg | −0.92 | −0.91 | −0.43 | 0.41 | 1.01 |
41 | 102 | Verbal Person Marking | VpersM | −0.93 | −1.08 | 0.19 | 1.20 | 1.48 |
42 | 12 | Syllable Structure | SylStr | −0.98 | −1.23 | −0.94 | 0.41 | 0.14 |
43 | 126 | When’ Clauses | WhenC | −0.98 | −0.96 | 0.47 | 0.08 | −0.29 |
44 | 104 | Order of Person Markers on the Verb | PersMV | −0.99 | −0.84 | 0.67 | 0.18 | 0.39 |
45 | 59 | Possessive Classification | PosClas | −1.03 | −0.84 | −0.91 | −0.46 | 1.31 |
46 | 45 | Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns | PolitDPron | −1.20 | −1.62 | −0.99 | 0.64 | 0.22 |
47 | 64 | Nominal and Verbal Conjunction | NomVConj | −1.36 | −1.61 | −0.73 | 0.08 | −0.35 |
48 | 50 | Asymmetrical Case−Marking | AsymCaseM | −1.49 | −1.20 | 1.68 | 0.77 | 0.38 |
49 | 109 | Applicative Constructions | ApplicativeC | −1.67 | −1.50 | 0.01 | −0.17 | −0.32 |
50 | 4 | Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives | VoicPF | −1.69 | −1.69 | 0.02 | 0.37 | 0.84 |
51 | 41 | Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives | DistCDem | −1.79 | −1.81 | −1.12 | −0.72 | −0.17 |
52 | 68 | The Perfect | Perfect | −1.79 | −1.99 | −0.16 | 0.75 | 0.65 |
53 | 23 | Locus of Marking in the Clause | LmarkC | −2.33 | −2.20 | 0.98 | 0.33 | 0.63 |
54 | 76 | Overlap b/w Sit. and Epistemic Modal Mark. | OvSitEpi | −2.39 | −2.72 | −0.79 | 0.03 | 0.65 |
55 | 24 | Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases | LmarkPNP | −2.40 | −2.40 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.31 |
56 | 92 | Position of Polar Question Particles | PolQPart | −2.54 | −2.53 | 0.19 | −0.67 | −0.12 |
57 | 49 | Number of Cases | Ncases | −2.68 | −2.37 | 2.15 | 0.52 | 0.71 |
58 | 37 | Definite Articles | DefArt | −3.15 | −3.18 | 0.08 | −0.56 | 0.46 |
59 | 53 | Ordinal Numerals | OrdNum | −3.26 | −3.08 | 1.09 | −0.50 | −0.62 |
60 | 1 | Consonant Inventories | Cons | −3.36 | −3.32 | −0.14 | −0.62 | 0.72 |
61 | 38 | Indefinite Articles | IndefArt | −3.44 | −3.49 | 0.13 | −0.46 | 0.38 |
62 | 43 | Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives | P3PrDem | −3.70 | −3.75 | −0.11 | −0.85 | −0.99 |
The Rank represents the feature’s rank from the most “stable” (top) to the most “unstable” (bottom), the ID is the feature’s numeric identifier in WALS [39], Name is the feature’s full name while Abbr. name is the abbreviated name, and and
the feature’s score on the first principal component representing the agreement between all methods and excluding outliers, respectively;
–
are the loadings on principal components 2, 3 and 4 using all shared features. See text for details.