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. 2013 Jan 28;8(1):e54613. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054613

Table 1. Biological pathways detected to be significantly regulated based upon endoxifen concentrations under physiologically relevant conditions.

Pathway # Pathway Name P-Value # Genes
Pathways of Genes Uniquely Regulated by Combination+Estrogen+100 nM Endoxifen
1* Development_Flt3 signaling 0.0007298 6/41
2* Mechanisms of CFTR activation by S-nitrosoglutathione (normal and CF) 0.001463 4/19
3 Apoptosis and survival_BAD phosphorylation 0.00261 5/36
4* Development_A2A receptor signaling 0.00261 5/36
5* dATP/dITP metabolism 0.003148 6/54
6* Apoptosis and survival_Anti-apoptotic action of membrane-bound ESR1 0.003612 4/24
7* Development_SSTR2 in regulation of cell proliferation 0.004211 4/25
8* Development_IGF-1 receptor signaling 0.006329 5/44
9* Development_EGFR signaling via small GTPases 0.007273 4/29
10* Development_GM-CSF signaling 0.008383 5/47
11* Translation _Regulation activity of EIF4F 0.009983 5/49
12 Cell cycle_Spindle assembly and chromosome separation 0.01035 4/32
13* Development_PDGF signaling via MAPK cascades 0.0128 4/34
14 Development_VEGF signaling and activation 0.0128 4/34
15* Immune response_IL-4 signaling pathway 0.01416 4/35
16* Cytoskeleton remodeling_Role of PDGFs in cell migration 0.01821 3/21
17 Aspartate and asparagine metabolism 0.01821 3/21
18* TTP metabolism 0.01876 4/38
19* Development_A1 receptor signaling 0.01876 4/38
20* dGTP metabolism 0.01876 4/38
21* Transcription_P53 signaling pathway 0.02047 4/39
22 Signal transduction_AKT signaling 0.02047 4/39
23* Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis in cytoplasm/Rodent version 0.02067 3/22
24* Oxidative stress_Role of ASK1 under oxidative stress 0.02067 3/22
25* Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis in cytoplasm 0.02067 3/22
26* Development_GDNF family signaling 0.02228 4/40
27* Immune response_CD28 signaling 0.02619 4/42
28 Development_FGFR signaling pathway 0.02829 4/43
29* Immune response_TREM1 signaling pathway 0.03278 4/45
30* Cholesterol and Sphingolipids transport/Influx to the early endosome in lung 0.03432 2/11
31* Immune response_IL-2 activation and signaling pathway 0.03517 4/46
32* dCTP/dUTP metabolism 0.03517 4/46
33* Regulation of lipid metabolism_Insulin regulation of fatty acid methabolism 0.03517 4/46
34* Immune response_IL-4 - antiapoptotic action 0.03561 3/27
35* Some pathways of EMT in cancer cells 0.04025 4/48
36* Phospholipid metabolism p.1 0.04047 2/12
37* Immune response_PIP3 signaling in B lymphocytes 0.04279 3/29
38* Apoptosis and survival_p53-dependent apoptosis 0.04279 3/29
39* Development_VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades 0.04279 3/29
40* Development_PDGF signaling via STATs and NF-kB 0.04279 3/29
41* Cytoskeleton remodeling_Cytoskeleton remodeling 0.04526 6/96
42* Development_CNTF receptor signaling 0.04663 3/30
43* Keratan sulfate metabolism p.1 0.047 2/13
Pathway # Pathway Name P-Value # Genes
Pathways of Genes Uniquely Regulated by Combination+Estrogen+20 nM Endoxifen
1* Immune response_CD40 signaling 0.002114 5/54
2 Apoptosis and survival_BAD phosphorylation 0.003086 4/36
3 G-protein signaling_Proinsulin C-peptide signaling 0.003769 4/38
4 Development_FGFR signaling pathway 0.005909 4/43
5* Development_Glucocorticoid receptor signaling 0.006685 3/23
6* DNA damage_ATM/ATR regulation of G2/M checkpoint 0.009461 3/26
7* DNA damage_DNA-damage-induced responses 0.009651 2/9
8* Cell cycle_Role of SCF complex in cell cycle regulation 0.01282 3/29
9 Development_EGFR signaling via small GTPases 0.01282 3/29
10* Apoptosis and survival_Role of IAP-proteins in apoptosis 0.01282 3/29
11* DNA damage_Brca1 as a transcription regulator 0.01407 3/30
12* G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-12 signaling pathway 0.01678 3/32
13* Cell cycle_Role of APC in cell cycle regulation 0.01678 3/32
14* Histidine-glutamate-glutamine metabolism 0.01823 3/33
15* Apoptosis and survival_Ceramides signaling pathway 0.01975 3/34
16* Apoptosis and survival_DNA-damage-induced apoptosis 0.02634 2/15
17 Signal transduction_AKT signaling 0.0284 3/39
18* Development_Thrombopoietin-regulated cell processes 0.0344 3/42
19* Blood coagulation_GPVI-dependent platelet activation 0.03654 3/43
20* Development_TGF-beta-dependent induction of EMT via RhoA, PI3K and ILK. 0.03654 3/43
21 Transport_RAN regulation pathway 0.03714 2/18
22* Development_FGF2-dependent induction of EMT 0.03714 2/18
23* Histidine-glutamate-glutamine and proline metabolism/Rodent version 0.04101 3/45
24* Development_EGFR signaling via PIP3 0.04106 2/19
25* Gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) biosynthesis and metabolism 0.04513 2/20
26 Aspartate and asparagine metabolism 0.04934 2/21
Pathway # Pathway Name P-Value # Genes
Pathways of Genes Commonly Regulated by Combination+Estrogen+both 100 and 20 nM Endoxifen
1 Development_EDG3 signaling pathway 3.144E−06 8/26
2 Muscle contraction_Regulation of eNOS activity in endothelial cells 7.175E−06 10/47
3 Muscle contraction_EDG5-mediated smooth muscle contraction 1.047E−05 7/22
4 Neurophysiological process_ACM regulation of nerve impulse 2.819E−05 8/34
5 Muscle contraction_ACM regulation of smooth muscle contraction 3.538E−05 8/35
6 Cytoskeleton remodeling_ACM3 and ACM4 in keratinocyte migration 9.185E−05 6/21
7 Development_Activation of astroglial cells proliferation by ACM3 9.185E−05 6/21
8 Transport_ACM3 in salivary glands 0.0002642 6/25
9 Cell cycle_Role of Nek in cell cycle regulation 0.0006248 6/29
10 Cell cycle_Chromosome condensation in prometaphase 0.0007215 5/20
11 Signal transduction_Erk Interactions: Inhibition of Erk 0.0007568 6/30
12 Muscle contraction_ GPCRs in the regulation of smooth muscle tone 0.0008466 8/54
13 Cell cycle_Spindle assembly and chromosome separation 0.001085 6/32
14 Transcription_ChREBP regulation pathway 0.001093 4/13
15 Development_G-Proteins mediated regulation MARK-ERK signaling 0.001768 6/35
16 Cytoskeleton remodeling_ESR1 action on cytoskeleton remodeling 0.001965 4/15
17 Apoptosis and survival_Beta-2 adrenergic receptor anti-apoptotic action 0.001965 4/15
18 Cell cycle_The metaphase checkpoint 0.002057 6/36
19 G-protein signaling_Proinsulin C-peptide signaling 0.002738 6/38
20 Development_EDG1 signaling pathway 0.00303 5/27
21 Development_Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activation of ERK 0.003576 6/40
22 Transport_RAN regulation pathway 0.004031 4/18
23 Regulation of lipid metabolism_Regulation of lipid metabolism 0.004193 5/29
24 Neurophysiological process_NMDA-dependent postsynaptic potentiation 0.004812 7/56
25 Neurophysiological process_Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor 0.005644 5/31
26 Cytoskeleton remodeling_Role of PKA in cytoskeleton reorganisation 0.005644 5/31
27 Signal transduction_Activation of PKC via G-Protein coupled receptor 0.005805 6/44
28 Signal transduction_Calcium signaling 0.006488 5/32
29 Cell cycle_Sister chromatid cohesion 0.007215 4/21
30 G-protein signaling_EDG5 signaling 0.007215 4/21
31 Development_Role of HDAC and CaMK in control of skeletal myogenesis 0.008043 6/47
32 Signal transduction_cAMP signaling 0.008435 5/34
33 Immune response_Alternative complement pathway 0.008435 5/34
34 Development_VEGF signaling and activation 0.008435 5/34
35 Regulation of lipid metabolism_Stimulation of Arachidonic acid production 0.008911 6/48
36 Cytoskeleton remodeling_Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor inhibition of PI3K 0.00917 3/12
37 Transport_RAB1A regulation pathway 0.00917 3/12
38 Transcription_Receptor-mediated HIF regulation 0.009546 5/35
39 Development_Endothelin-1/EDNRA transactivation of EGFR 0.009546 5/35
40 Oxidative stress_Angiotensin II-induced production of ROS 0.01006 4/23
41 Apoptosis and survival_BAD phosphorylation 0.01075 5/36
42 Translation _Regulation of translation initiation 0.01173 4/24
43 Cardiac Hypertrophy_Ca(2+)-dependent NF-AT signaling 0.01206 5/37
44 Transcription_CREB pathway 0.01206 5/37
45 Cell adhesion_Histamine H1 receptor signaling 0.01206 5/37
46 Translation_Insulin regulation of translation 0.01348 5/38
47 Neurophysiological process_Dopamine D2 receptor signaling in CNS 0.01356 4/25
48 Development_Angiotensin activation of Akt 0.01356 4/25
49 Blood coagulation_GPCRs in platelet aggregation 0.01428 6/53
50 Development_EDG6 signaling pathway 0.01435 3/14