. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 29.

Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Stress. 2011 Aug 31;24(5):515–525. doi: 10.1002/jts.20673

Table 5.

GEE Coefficients for Binge Drinking and Modified CAGE Questionnaire for PTSD and Delayed-Onset PTSD at 24 Months

Variables	Binge drinking				Modified CAGE Questionnaire
	PTSD		Delayed PTSD		PTSD		Delayed PTSD
	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE
Age (years)	−.01	.002^***	−.01	.002^***	−.001	.001^*	−.001	.001^*
Female	−.43	.05^***	−.43	.05^***	−.06	.01^***	−.06	.01^***
Income	−.02	.01	−.02	.01	−.005	.004	−.005	.004
Married	−.05	.05	−.05	.05	−.03	.02	−.03	.02
White	.03	.06	.03	.06	−.01	.02	−.01	.02
Latino	.15	.07	.14	.07	.01	.02	.01	.02
WTC attack events	.04	.02	.04	.02	.02	.01^*	.02	.01^*
Lifetime trauma	.04	.02	.04	.02	.02	.01^*	.02	.01^*
Negative life events	.04	.03	.04	.03	.01	.01	.02	.01
PTSD	.05	.13	.11	.14	.02	.05	.02	.05
Time period	−.01	.01	−.01	−.01	.01	−.01	.01	.01^*
PTSD × Time period	.09	.04^*	.09	.04^*	.04	.03	.05	.04
Constant	1.03	0.12^***	1.03	0.12^***	0.09	0.04^**	0.09	0.04^*

Note. N = 1,681. GEE = Generalized estimating equation; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; WTC = World Trade Center.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p< .001.