Table 3.
Mediterranean Diet Score | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 - 3 | 4 - 5 | 6 - 8 | |||||
N = 36 | N = 51 | N = 30 | |||||
Anthropometric/metabolic parameters | N | OR (95% CI)† | N | OR (95% CI) | N | OR (95% CI) | P for trend |
Waist circumference > 88 cm in women, > 102 cm in men | 20 | - | 17 | 0.4 (0.1, 1.0) | 7 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.7) | 0.003 |
Systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg | 5 | - | 3 | 0.4 (0.1, 1.8) | 0 | - | 0.03 |
Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg | 4 | - | 2 | 0.3 (0.1, 1.8) | 0 | - | 0.028 |
Glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl | 3 | - | 11 | 3.5 (0.9, 14.5) | 2 | 0.7 (0.1, 4.6) | 0.96 |
High density lipoprotein < 40 mg/dl in women, < 50 mg/dl in men | 20 | - | 19 | 0.5 (0.1, 1.5) | 6 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.8) | 0.01 |
Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl | 9 | - | 13 | 1.1 (0.4, 3.1) | 5 | 0.6 (0.2, 2.2) | 0.5 |
Presence of the metabolic syndrome* | 9 | - | 11 | 0.9 (0.3, 2.7) | 1 | 0.1 (0.01, 0.9) | 0.04 |
Body mass index ≥ 25 kilograms/meter2 | 28 | - | 31 | 0.3 (0.1, 0.9) | 18 | 0.3 (0.1, 1.1) | 0.04 |
HOMA-IR** ≥ 2.86 | 22 | - | 37 | 1.5 (0.6, 3.8) | 15 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.6) | 0.36 |
Presence of the metabolic syndrome was defined by three or more of the following: triglycerides > 150 mg/dl; systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg; fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl; waist circumference > 102 cm in men or > 88 cm in women; HDL <40 mg/dl in men or < 50 mg/dl in women (35).
HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model of insulin resistance; subjects were categorized as being insulin resistant when HOMA-IR was equal to or more than 2.86 (above the 75th percentile for HOMA-IR derived from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) (28).
Odds ratios were adjusted for age and gender.
Abbreviations:
cm: centimeter
dl: decileter
mg: milligram
mmHg: millimeters of mercury