Table 3.

The relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet, measured by the Mediterranean Diet Score, and characteristics of obesity and the metabolic syndrome among 117 survivors of childhood leukemia, using logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR).

	Mediterranean Diet Score
	0 - 3		4 - 5		6 - 8
	N = 36		N = 51		N = 30
Anthropometric/metabolic parameters	N	OR (95% CI)†	N	OR (95% CI)	N	OR (95% CI)	P for trend
Waist circumference > 88 cm in women, > 102 cm in men	20	-	17	0.4 (0.1, 1.0)	7	0.2 (0.1, 0.7)	0.003
Systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg	5	-	3	0.4 (0.1, 1.8)	0	-	0.03
Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg	4	-	2	0.3 (0.1, 1.8)	0	-	0.028
Glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl	3	-	11	3.5 (0.9, 14.5)	2	0.7 (0.1, 4.6)	0.96
High density lipoprotein < 40 mg/dl in women, < 50 mg/dl in men	20	-	19	0.5 (0.1, 1.5)	6	0.2 (0.1, 0.8)	0.01
Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl	9	-	13	1.1 (0.4, 3.1)	5	0.6 (0.2, 2.2)	0.5
Presence of the metabolic syndrome*	9	-	11	0.9 (0.3, 2.7)	1	0.1 (0.01, 0.9)	0.04
Body mass index ≥ 25 kilograms/meter2	28	-	31	0.3 (0.1, 0.9)	18	0.3 (0.1, 1.1)	0.04
HOMA-IR** ≥ 2.86	22	-	37	1.5 (0.6, 3.8)	15	0.6 (0.2, 1.6)	0.36

^*Presence of the metabolic syndrome was defined by three or more of the following: triglycerides > 150 mg/dl; systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg; fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl; waist circumference > 102 cm in men or > 88 cm in women; HDL <40 mg/dl in men or < 50 mg/dl in women (35).

^**HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model of insulin resistance; subjects were categorized as being insulin resistant when HOMA-IR was equal to or more than 2.86 (above the 75th percentile for HOMA-IR derived from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) (28).

^†Odds ratios were adjusted for age and gender.

Abbreviations:

cm: centimeter

dl: decileter

mg: milligram

mmHg: millimeters of mercury