Table 1.
Antimicrobial resistance pattern among E. coli (n = 214) isolated from different hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan
| Antimicrobial and category* |
Hospital | Overall agent antimicrobial resistance (%) |
|||||
| Khartoum (n= 68) |
KNH (n=32) |
NHL (n=11) |
Omdur man (n= 35) |
Soba (n= 42) |
Turkish (n=26) |
||
| Penicillins | |||||||
| Amoxicillin | 98.5 | 96.9 | 100 | 97.1 | 97.6 | 96.2 | 97.7 |
| Penicillins + â-lactamase inhibitors | |||||||
| Amoxicillin-CA | 47.1 | 56.3 | 36.4 | 57.1 | 52.4 | 53.8 | 51.4 |
| Nom-extend spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation | |||||||
| Cefuroxime | 92.6 | 93.8 | 90.9 | 100 | 88.1 | 88.5 | 92.5 |
| Extend-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd generation | |||||||
| Ceftriaxone | 73.5 | 59.4 | 45.5 | 71.4 | 59.5 | 50 | 64 |
| Ceftazidime | 51.5 | 18.8 | 18.2 | 40 | 23.8 | 30.8 | 35 |
| Quinolones | |||||||
| Ciprofloxacin | 57.4 | 68.8 | 81.8 | 51.4 | 50 | 61.5 | 58.4 |
| Nalidixic acid | 70.6 | 81.3 | 90.9 | 62.9 | 69.0 | 73.1 | 72 |
| Ofloxacin | 55.9 | 62.5 | 63.6 | 51.4 | 45.2 | 61.5 | 55.1 |
| Folate pathway inhibitors | |||||||
| SXT | 92.6 | 81.3 | 90.9 | 94.3 | 83.3 | 84.6 | 88.3 |
| Tetracyclines | |||||||
| Tetracycline | 82.4 | 68.8 | 72.7 | 91.4 | 64.3 | 76.9 | 77.1 |
| Aminoglycosides | |||||||
| Amikacin | 1.5 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 | 4.8 | 0 | 1.9 |
| Gentamicin | 35.3 | 31.3 | 9.1 | 37.1 | 40.5 | 38.5 | 35 |
| Tobramicin | 19.1 | 9.4 | 36.4 | 17.1 | 11.9 | 30.8 | 18.2 |
| Phenicols | |||||||
| Chloramphenicol | 32.4 | 18.8 | 0 | 17.1 | 4.8 | 11.5 | 18.2 |
| Nitrofurans | |||||||
| Nitrofurantoin | 26.5 | 18.8 | 27.3 | 28.6 | 16.7 | 15.4 | 22.4 |
*
Adapted from Magiorakos et al. (2011).
KNH = Khartoum North Hospital; NHL = National Health Laboratory; CA = Clavulanate; SXT = Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole