Table 3. Viral RNA and virus isolation results from ferrets experimentally infected with Nipah virus, Malaysia strain*.
| Ferret no., sample |
Virus in shedding samples and blood over time, RNA/virus isolation† |
| Dpi 1 | Dpi 2 | Dpi 3 | Dpi 4 | Dpi 5 | Dpi 6 | Dpi 7 | Dpi 8 | Dpi 9 | Dpi 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M9 | ||||||||||
| NW | – | +/− | +/−‡ | +/+ | ||||||
| OS | – | +/+ | –‡ | +/− | ||||||
| RS | – | – | +/+‡ | +/− | ||||||
| Blood |
– |
|
– |
|
+/−‡ |
|
+/+ |
|
|
|
| M10 | ||||||||||
| NW | – | +/− | +/+‡ | +/+ | ||||||
| OS | – | – | –‡ | +/+ | ||||||
| RS | – | – | +/−‡ | +/− | ||||||
| Blood |
– |
|
– |
|
–‡ |
|
+/+ |
|
|
|
| M11 | ||||||||||
| NW | – | +/− | +/+ | |||||||
| OS | – | – | +/− | |||||||
| RS | – | – | – | |||||||
| Blood |
– |
|
– |
|
+/+ |
|
|
|
|
|
| M12 | ||||||||||
| NW | +/+ | +/+‡ | +/− | +/+ | ||||||
| OS | – | –‡ | Indet | +/− | ||||||
| RS | – | –‡ | +/− | +/+ | ||||||
| Blood |
|
– |
|
–‡ |
|
+/+ |
|
+/+ |
|
|
| M13 | ||||||||||
| NW | – | +/− | +/+‡ | NS | +/+ | |||||
| OS | – | – | –‡ | NS | +/+ | |||||
| RS | – | – | +/+‡ | NS | +/− | |||||
| Blood |
|
– |
|
– |
|
–‡ |
|
NS |
+/+ |
|
| M14 | ||||||||||
| NW | – | +/− | +/+‡ | +/+ | ||||||
| OS | – | – | +/−‡ | +/+ | ||||||
| RS | – | – | –‡ | +/− | ||||||
| Blood |
|
– |
|
– |
|
+/+‡ |
|
+/+ |
|
|
| M15 | ||||||||||
| NW | – | +/− | +/+ | +/−‡ | +/+ | |||||
| OS | – | – | +/− | –‡ | +/+ | |||||
| RS | – | – | +/− | +/§ | +/− | |||||
| Blood | – | – | +/+ | +/+‡ | +/+ |
*Dpi, days postinfection; NW, nasal wash; –, Nipah virus not detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for N gene; therefore, virus isolation was not attempted for this sample; empty cells represent days on which sampling was not scheduled for that animal; +/−, virus detected by RT-PCR but negative by virus isolation; +/+, sample positive by RT-PCR and virus isolation; OS, oral sample; RS, rectal sample; Indet, mean cycle threshold value >39.1 (the defined cutoff value for positive samples); NS ,not sampled †RNA detection by RT-PCR. ‡Pyrexia first detected. §Virus isolation not attempted for this sample.