Table 4. NiV in environmental samples after experimental infection of 15 ferrets*.
| Virus strain, cage no. (ferret no.) | log10 NiV copies/mL† |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dpi 1 |
Dpi 2 |
Dpi 3 |
Dpi 4 |
Dpi 5 |
Dpi 6 |
Dpi 7 |
Dpi 8 |
Dpi 9 |
Dpi 10 |
||||||||||||||||||||
| U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | U | F | ||||||||||
| Bangladesh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 (B1, B2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.1‡ | – | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 2 (B3, B4) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | NS | NS | – | – | 5.2‡ | 4.1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 3 (B5, B6) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.1 | 3.4 | 4.6‡ | – | 5.3‡ | 4.6 | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 4 (B7, B8) |
– |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
3.6 |
4.3 |
|
– |
4.9‡ |
|
NS |
– |
|
NA |
NA |
| Malaysia | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 5 (M9) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.9‡ | – | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 6 (M10, 11) | – | – | – | – | – | 3.6‡ | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.9‡ | – | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 7 (M12, 13) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.1‡ | – | – | – | 4.9‡ | – | – | – | NA | NA | |||||||||
| 8 (M14, 15) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.6‡ | – | 3.6 | – | – | – | |||||||||
*NiV, Nipah virus; dpi, days postinfection; U, urine; F, feces; –,negative; NA, not applicable because cage was empty after euthanasia of ferrets; NS, no sample available. †Calculated from standard curve generated for NiV N gene copies by reverse transcription PCR. Samples with mean cycle threshold ≤39.1 (based on duplicate reactions) were defined as NiV positive. ‡Sample was also NiV positive by virus isolation.