Phase I
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Treatment-resistant Depression in the Primary Care Setting
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· Formulate a treatment plan at the start of therapy
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· Prior to switching or augmenting an antidepressant consider a longer trial (12–14 weeks) at a therapeutic dose
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· Triiodothyronine (T3, cytomel) is an effective and well tolerated augmentation agent
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Use of Atypical Antipsychotics in Treatment –resistant Depression
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· Consider T3 (or lithium) prior to considering atypical antipsychotic augmentation agent
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· Atypical antipsychotics are associated with metabolic abnormalities and require regular monitoring
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Phase II |
Pharmacotherapy options for Insomnia
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· Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacologic treatment approaches have similar effectiveness
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· All sedative/hypnotics appear to be comparable in treating insomnia
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· Clinical data regarding sedating antidepressants and antipsychotics are lacking
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Clinical use and comparative effectiveness of benzodiazepines
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· Long-term benzodiazepine use is rarely warranted
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· Withdrawal of benzodiazepine has led to improvements in cognitive functioning, balance, and memory without worsening insomnia (particularly in frail elderly)
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· Discontinuation should always include gradual tapering |