Table 3.

Bacterial strains used in this study

Strain	bontsubtype	Source	Location	Year Isolated	bontAccession Number
Beluga†	E1	Fermented whale	Alaska	1982	GQ244314
CDC41648	E1	Seal flipper	Alaska	1996	JX424539
CDC42747	E1	Stool	Alaska	1997	JX424540
CDC42840	E1	Stool	Alaska	1997	JX424536
CDC47437	E1	Stool	Alaska	1992	JX424545
CDC5247	E2	Fermented seal flipper	Alaska	1984	EF028404
Alaska†	E2	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	JX424535
CDC52256	E3	Stool	Illinois	2007	GQ294552
CDC59470‡	E3	Stink eggs	Alaska	2004	JX424544
CDC59471‡	E3	Stool	Alaska	2004	JX424542
CDC59498	E3	Stink head	Alaska	2004	JX424543
CDC42861	E3	Seal	Alaska	1997	JX424541
CDC40329	E3	Fish	Alaska	1995	JX424538
VH	E3	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	GQ247737
Minnesota†	E7	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	JX424537
CDC66177	E9	Soil	Argentina	1995	JX424534
CDC38597	B4	Blood sausage	Iceland	1983	JX437193
17B†	B4	Marine sediment	Pacific coast, US	1967	EF051570
CDC706	B4	Fermented salmon brine	Alaska	1977	JX437192
CDC30592	B4	Gastric fluid	Alaska	1985	JX437194
KA-173 (610B)	F6	Salmon	Columbia River, US	~1966	GU213230
VPI7943	F6	Venison jerky	California	1966	GU213228

† Strain provided by J. Ferreira (FDA, Atlanta, GA).

‡ Strains are associated with same botulism event.