Table 4.
Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of postmenopausal breast cancer with plasma MMP levels by clinical characteristics of the cases
| MMP1 | MMP2 | MMP3 | MMP7 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | No. Cases a |
Geometric Mean (pg/ml) |
OR | (95% CI) b | Geometric Mean (pg/ml) |
OR | (95% CI) b | Geometric Mean (pg/ml) |
OR | (95% CI) b | Geometric Mean (pg/ml) |
OR | (95% CI) b |
| SEER Stage | |||||||||||||
| Localized | 468 | 84.4 | 1.17 | (0.92– 1.49) | 20.3 | 0.90 | (0.70– 1.15) | 1.22 | 0.93 | (0.73– 1.20) | 168.4 | 1.05 | (0.82– 1.35) |
| Regional | 161 | 73.9 | 0.90 | (0.63– 1.29) | 20.1 | 0.90 | (0.63– 1.30) | 1.21 | 0.99 | (0.69– 1.41) | 156.5 | 0.88 | (0.61– 1.28) |
| Distant metastasis | 20 | 107.4 | 2.62 | (1.06– 6.51) | 21.6 | 1.84 | (0.83– 4.09) | 1.48 | 1.57 | (0.80– 3.10) | 232.7 | 2.12 | (0.94– 4.80) |
| P Value c | 0.55 | 0.01 | 0.68 | 0.08 | 0.38 | 0.17 | 0.74 | 0.05 | |||||
| Size (cm) | |||||||||||||
| <2.0 | 302 | 85.3 | 1.21 | (0.91– 1.62) | 20.3 | 0.92 | (0.69– 1.24) | 1.24 | 1.03 | (0.77– 1.38) | 166.4 | 1.12 | (0.84– 1.51) |
| 2.0–5.0 | 128 | 83.7 | 1.10 | (0.74– 1.64) | 20.3 | 1.00 | (0.68– 1.49) | 1.15 | 0.81 | (0.52– 1.25) | 150.7 | 0.88 | (0.60– 1.31) |
| >5.0 | 20 | 104.2 | 1.82 | (0.76– 4.28) | 20.1 | 0.64 | (0.27– 1.51) | 1.24 | 0.81 | (0.30– 2.18) | 182.2 | 1.09 | (0.43– 2.77) |
| P Value c | 0.62 | 0.07 | 0.88 | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.26 | 0.51 | 0.24 | |||||
| Axillary node status | |||||||||||||
| N0 | 470 | 85.2 | 1.21 | (0.95– 1.54) | 20.4 | 0.91 | (0.72– 1.17) | 1.22 | 0.94 | (0.73– 1.20) | 169.1 | 1.08 | (0.85– 1.38) |
| N1 | 158 | 75.0 | 0.94 | (0.66– 1.35) | 20.1 | 0.91 | (0.63– 1.32) | 1.21 | 1.00 | (0.70– 1.44) | 157.8 | 0.89 | (0.61– 1.29) |
| P Value c | 0.22 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.43 | 0.28 | 0.59 | 0.03 | 0.29 | |||||
| Grade | |||||||||||||
| I | 158 | 86.8 | 1.24 | (0.87– 1.77) | 20.1 | 0.73 | (0.51– 1.05) | 1.24 | 0.96 | (0.66– 1.40) | 169.8 | 1.12 | (0.78– 1.62) |
| II | 278 | 85.1 | 1.21 | (0.91– 1.62) | 20.3 | 0.90 | (0.67– 1.22) | 1.23 | 0.98 | (0.73– 1.32) | 164.7 | 1.05 | (0.78– 1.41) |
| III | 179 | 74.5 | 0.91 | (0.64– 1.28) | 20.5 | 1.17 | (0.83– 1.63) | 1.19 | 0.94 | (0.67– 1.32) | 159.1 | 0.84 | (0.60– 1.19) |
| P Value c | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.44 | 0.70 | 0.35 | 0.19 | |||||
| Receptor status | |||||||||||||
| ER+ | 503 | 82.1 | 1.08 | (0.85– 1.37) | 20.2 | 0.83 | (0.65– 1.06) | 1.21 | 0.89 | (0.70– 1.13) | 167.4 | 1.05 | (0.82– 1.34) |
| ER− | 122 | 83.1 | 1.26 | (0.84– 1.88) | 20.6 | 1.15 | (0.78– 1.69) | 1.19 | 0.95 | (0.63– 1.42) | 160.7 | 0.96 | (0.64– 1.42) |
| P Value c | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.88 | 0.06 | 0.54 | 0.34 | 0.11 | 0.63 | |||||
| PR+ | 417 | 81.5 | 1.06 | (0.82– 1.36) | 20.2 | 0.84 | (0.65– 1.09) | 1.21 | 0.88 | (0.68– 1.15) | 168.3 | 1.07 | (0.83– 1.39) |
| PR− | 187 | 86.7 | 1.36 | (0.97– 1.90) | 20.4 | 1.04 | (0.75– 1.45) | 1.19 | 0.93 | (0.66– 1.30) | 163.6 | 1.01 | (0.72– 1.41) |
| P Value c | 0.75 | 0.08 | 0.78 | 0.15 | 0.53 | 0.34 | 0.90 | 0.59 | |||||
| ER+ or PR+ | 512 | 81.7 | 1.07 | (0.85– 1.36) | 20.2 | 0.84 | (0.66– 1.07) | 1.21 | 0.89 | (0.69– 1.13) | 166.9 | 1.03 | (0.81– 1.32) |
| ER− and PR− | 113 | 84.9 | 1.34 | (0.88– 2.02) | 20.6 | 1.15 | (0.77– 1.71) | 1.19 | 0.97 | (0.64– 1.46) | 162.2 | 1.00 | (0.66– 1.50) |
| P Value c | 0.32 | 0.16 | 0.82 | 0.08 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.10 | 0.78 | |||||
Abbreviation: MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.
Sum of number of subjects is not consistent with the total number because of unrecorded, unknown, or borderline cases (for receptors) who were excluded from the analyses.
Modeled through unconditional polychotomous logistic regression using all controls in each analysis after adjustment for body mass index, number of live births, family history of breast cancer, study area, ethnicity, birth year, date of blood draw, time fasting, and use of hormone replacement therapy. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were based on a change of two standard deviations in the log-transformed plasma MMPs (pg/mL).
P Value for the difference of geometric mean between subgroups based on analysis of variance; P for heterogeneity for the odds ratio between subgroups based on two-sided likelihood ratio test from unconditional polychotomous logistic regression models.