Table 5.
Animal studies reporting PAG-amygdala connections with various methods.a
| Species | n | Male (%) | Female (%) | Female vs male | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse | 12 | 100 | 0 | [132] | |
| Rat | 22 | 100 | 0 | [11] | |
| 55 | 100 | 0 | [54] | ||
| 40 | 100 | 0 | [118] | ||
| 20 | 100 | 0 | [23] | ||
| 36 | 100 | 0 | [106] | ||
| 12 | 100 | 0 | [21] | ||
| 48 | 100 | 0 | [26] | ||
| 6 | 000 | 0 | [9] | ||
| 90 | 100 | 0 | [84] | ||
| – | 000 | 0 | [98] | ||
| – | 000 | 0 | [46] | ||
| – | 000 | 0 | [30] | ||
| – | 000 | 0 | [29] | ||
| – | 000 | 0 | [28] | ||
| – | 100 | – | [63] | ||
| 70 | “Males and females” | – | [92] | ||
| – | “Males and females” | – | [24] | ||
| 20 | – | – | [109] | ||
| 21 | – | – | – | [59] | |
| 162 | – | – | – | [99] | |
| 86 | – | – | – | [71] | |
| – | – | – | – | [86] | |
| Opossum | – | – | – | – | [77] |
| Guinea pig | 73 | 100 | 0 | [74] | |
| Rabbit | 13 | “Males and females” | – | [100] | |
| 35 | – | – | – | [88] | |
| 67 | – | – | – | [89] | |
| Cat | 5 | “Males and females” | – | [122] | |
| 26 | – | – | – | [60] | |
| 4 | – | – | – | [86] | |
| 10 | – | – | – | [99] | |
| 21 | – | – | – | [71] | |
| 1 | – | – | – | [59] | |
| Squirrel monkey | 6 | 100 | 0 | [38] | |
| 12 | – | – | – | [86] | |
| Macaca fascicularis | 9 | – | – | – | [110 |
| 18 | “Males and females” | – | [2] | ||
| Macaca mulatta | 9 | – | – | [1] | |
| 1 | – | – | – | [59] | |
| Human | 8 | 100 | 0 | [57] |
a
Ellipsis dots indicate not specified. Although we tried to be as systematic as possible in our literature search, some studies may be missing.