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. 2013 Feb;103(2):253–261. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300924

FIGURE 1—

FIGURE 1—

The syndemic framework for HIV/AIDS and the environment.

Note. The syndemic framework depicts the multiple, bidirectional, self-reinforcing relationships between the HIV/AIDS pandemic and ecosystem degradation. The syndemic framework is driven by global scale and upstream factors and is mediated by individual- and population-level vulnerabilities.