TABLE 2—

Psychosocial Problems Around the Time of Pregnancy, by Cohabitation and Marital Status: The Maternity Experiences Survey, 2006–2007

	Intimate Partner Violence				Substance Use				Postpartum Depression
Status	%	OR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)a	AOR (95% CI)b	%	OR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)a	AOR (95% CI)b	%	OR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)a	AOR (95% CI)b	AOR (95% CI)c
Cohabiting with partner
Married (Ref)	2.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.7	1.0	1.0	1.0	7.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Not married	7.4	2.68 (2.02, 3.55)	2.37 (1.73, 3.24)	2.19 (1.60, 3.01)	8.2	5.26 (3.85, 7.20)	3.26 (2.27, 4.69)	3.22 (2.24, 4.63)	7.2	1.04 (0.81, 1.33)	1.27 (0.97, 1.68)	1.19 (0.90, 1.57)	1.37 (0.97, 1.93)
Not cohabiting with partner
Single, never married	22.8	9.95 (7.33, 13.50)	5.33 (3.61, 7.85)	3.95 (2.62, 5.95)	11.0	7.27 (4.87, 10.86)	3.13 (1.83, 5.35)	2.64 (1.53, 4.55)	10.9	1.63 (1.17, 2.28)	1.15 (0.76, 1.72)	0.88 (0.57, 1.35)	0.79 (0.45, 1.39)
Divorced or separated	25.9	11.77 (7.27, 19.05)	8.82 (5.10, 15.24)	6.74 (3.77, 12.03)	10.1	6.56 (3.31, 13.00)	3.10 (1.48, 6.49)	2.58 (1.22, 5.45)	17.5	2.83 (1.59, 5.05)	2.01 (1.10, 3.66)	1.54 (0.85, 2.79)	1.67 (0.85, 3.28)

Note. AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio.

^aAdjusted for maternal age (years), maternal age (quadratic), parity (primiparous, multiparous), education (< high school, high school diploma, postsecondary diploma, university diploma), household income (below, at, or above Statistics Canada low-income after-tax cutoff, or unknown), foreign-born status (yes, no), and ethnic or cultural identity (North American, European, non-Western, other).

^bAdjusted for factors enumerated in footnote a, as well as for wantedness of the recent pregnancy (sooner or when it occurred, later, not at all) and partner disagreement with the recent pregnancy (yes, no).

^cAdjusted for factors enumerated in footnotes a and b, after excluding women with prepregnancy depression.