Table 5.
Mixed-effects Logistic Random Intercept Models Examining Factors Associated with Past 30-day Drug Abstinence at 3, 5 and 7 years, among Adolescent Substance Use Patients with and without Co-morbid Psychiatric Diagnoses
| With co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses
|
Without co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | Std. err. | P value | OR | 95% CI | Estimate | Std. err. | P value | OR | 95% CI | |
| Time-invariant factors | ||||||||||
| Female gender | 2.1519 | 0.5034 | <0.0001 | 8.60 | (3.21, 23.07) | 0.8458 | 0.6407 | 0.1886 | 2.33 | (0.66, 8.18) |
| Age at baseline | −0.1447 | 0.1706 | 0.3973 | 0.87 | (0.62, 1.21) | 0.0780 | 0.2263 | 0.7308 | 1.08 | (0.69, 1.68) |
| White race | 0.0466 | 0.4304 | 0.9139 | 1.05 | (0.45, 2.44) | −0.0869 | 0.5139 | 0.8660 | 0.92 | (0.33, 2.51) |
| Number of abuse/dependence symptoms at baseline | −0.0090 | 0.0711 | 0.8992 | 0.99 | (0.86, 1.14) | −0.0226 | 0.0976 | 0.8170 | 0.98 | (0.81, 1.18) |
| YSR internalizing score at baseline | 0.0118 | 0.0267 | 0.6595 | 1.01 | (0.96, 1.07) | 0.0468 | 0.0431 | 0.2795 | 1.05 | (0.96, 1.14) |
| YSR externalizing score at baseline | −0.0083 | 0.0256 | 0.7452 | 0.99 | (0.94, 1.04) | −0.0181 | 0.0382 | 0.6369 | 0.98 | (0.91, 1.06) |
| Circumstance/Motivation/Readiness scale at baseline | 0.0920 | 0.0257 | 0.0004 | 1.10 | (1.04, 1.15) | 0.0474 | 0.0317 | 0.1361 | 1.05 | (0.99, 1.12) |
| Any prior twelve-step experience | 0.3977 | 0.5224 | 0.4474 | 1.49 | (0.53, 4.14) | −0.6191 | 0.8392 | 0.4617 | 0.54 | (0.10, 2.79) |
| Any prior psychiatric treatment | −0.2295 | 0.4652 | 0.6223 | 0.79 | (0.32, 1.98) | −1.1192 | 0.9411 | 0.2360 | 0.33 | (0.05, 2.07) |
| Any prior substance use treatment | −0.4637 | 0.5878 | 0.4312 | 0.63 | (0.20, 1.99) | −1.2964 | 0.9468 | 0.1728 | 0.27 | (0.04, 1.75) |
| Length of stay of index treatment (weeks) | −0.0076 | 0.0160 | 0.6357 | 0.99 | (0.96, 1.02) | −0.0183 | 0.0240 | 0.4461 | 0.98 | (0.94, 1.03) |
| Any psychiatric treatment in year 1 (%) | 0.2218 | 0.4464 | 0.6198 | 1.25 | (0.52, 2.99) | −0.1607 | 0.7924 | 0.8396 | 0.85 | (0.18, 4.02) |
| Time-varying factors | ||||||||||
| Time of follow-up (coded as 2, 4, 6 at 3, 5 and 7 years) | −0.0356 | 0.0877 | 0.6849 | 0.97 | (0.81, 1.15) | 0.1027 | 0.0968 | 0.2906 | 1.11 | (0.92, 1.34) |
| Any substance use treatment between follow-ups | −0.7833 | 0.4193 | 0.0633 | 0.46 | (0.20, 1.04) | 0.7960 | 0.5095 | 0.1201 | 2.22 | (0.82, 6.02) |
| Any psychiatric treatment between follow-ups | 0.1858 | 0.3731 | 0.6191 | 1.20 | (0.58, 2.50) | −0.5016 | 0.5568 | 0.3690 | 0.61 | (0.20, 1.80) |
| Attended 10+ meetings in the prior 6 months at prior follow-up | 0.3119 | 0.4166 | 0.4550 | 1.37 | (0.60, 3.09) | 1.4595 | 0.6253 | 0.0208 | 4.30 | (1.26, 14.66) |
| Attended 10+ meetings in the prior 6 months at current follow-up | 1.6862 | 0.5527 | 0.0026 | 5.40 | (1.83, 15.95) | 1.5741 | 0.8084 | 0.0532 | 4.83 | (0.99, 23.54) |
| Anxiety/depression scale at current follow-up | −0.1766 | 0.0420 | <0.0001 | 0.84 | (0.77, 0.91) | −0.3287 | 0.0709 | <0.0001 | 0.72 | (0.63, 0.83) |
| Number of abuse/dependence symptoms at prior follow-up | −0.1119 | 0.0919 | 0.2246 | 0.89 | (0.75, 1.07) | −0.2837 | 0.1212 | 0.0204 | 0.75 | (0.59, 0.95) |
| Anxiety/depression scale at prior follow-up | 0.0027 | 0.0421 | 0.9488 | 1.00 | (0.92, 1.09) | 0.1019 | 0.0692 | 0.1424 | 1.11 | (0.97, 1.27) |
Note: Std. err. = Standard error; OR = Odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval.