Table 2. Results of multivariable Poisson regression analyses for hospital readmission diagnoses and all-cause mortality among children initially hospitalized during infancy at Kilifi district hospital, coastal Kenya, April 16, 2002–May 31, 2010*.
| Risk factor | IRR
(95% CI) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pneumonia† | Pneumonia with wheeze‡ | All readmissions | Nonpneumonia | All-cause mortality | |
| All LRTI§ | |||||
| Non-LRTI | Referent | ||||
| Patient age <3 mo | 2.83 (1.93–4.15) | NS | 1.57 (1.21–2.04) | 0.84 (0.69–1.02) | NS |
| Patient age >3
mo |
1.39 (0.99–1.96) |
|
1.04 (0.84–1.30) |
|
|
| LRTI | |||||
| Non-LRTI | Referent | ||||
| RSV LRTI | NS | 5.37 (2.66–10.83) | NS | NS | 0.42 (0.20–0.90) |
| Other
LRTI |
|
3.50 (1.77–6.94) |
|
|
1.09 (0.70–1.69) |
| Patient age | |||||
| <3 mo at first admission | Referent | ||||
| >3 mo at first
admission |
NS |
1.31 (0.79–2.15) |
NS |
1.38 (1.11–1.71) |
0.88 (0.57–1.35) |
| Access to hospital | |||||
| Poor | Referent | ||||
| Good |
0.80 (0.62–1.02) |
0.58 (0.35–0.98) |
0.75 (0.63–0.89) |
0.74 (0.60–0.91) |
1.76 (1.16–2.67) |
| Length of hospital stay, d | |||||
| <7 d | Referent | ||||
| >7 d |
1.31 (0.88–1.95) |
NS |
1.21 (0.94–1.56) |
1.11 (0.85–1.46) |
2.45 (1.52–3.93) |
| Admitted to HDU | |||||
| No | Referent | ||||
| Yes |
0.48 (0.27–0.85) |
NS |
0.64 (0.44–0.94) |
0.82 (0.52–1.29) |
NS |
| Age at follow-up, mo | |||||
| 0–11 | Referent | ||||
| 12–23 | 0.56 (0.45–0.68) | 0.54 (0.35–0.82) | 0.67 (0.58–0.77) | 0.80 (0.65–0.99) | 0.29 (0.17–0.49) |
| 24–36 | 0.20 (0.14–0.28) | 0.28 (0.13–0.60) | 0.33 (0.27–0.41) | 0.50 (0.39–0.65) | 0.11 (0.05–0.25) |
| 48–59 |
0.05 (0.03–0.09) |
0.01 (0.002–0.10) |
0.13 (0.10–0.17) |
0.23 (0.17–0.30) |
0.12 (0.06–0.23) |
| Admission for non-LRTI | |||||
| No | Referent | ||||
| Yes |
1.92 (1.49–2.47) |
1.44 (0.84–2.50) |
NS |
NS |
2.03 (1.32–2.67) |
| Readmission | |||||
| During Jan–Jun | Referent | ||||
| During Jul–Dec | NS | NS | NS | NS | 0.60 (0.39–0.93) |
*Risk factors refer to state at the time of first admission, except the last 3 variables (age group in months, occurrence of >1 non-LRTI admissions, and readmission time), which refer to calendar time during follow-up. IRR, incidence rate ratio; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; NS, not statistically significant and thus excluded from the final model for the specified outcome; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; HDU, high dependency unit. †Defined as history of cough or difficulty breathing and >1 of the following: fast breathing for age (>60 breaths/min if <2 months of age or >50 breaths/min if 2–11 months of age); lower chest wall indrawing; low oxygen saturation (<90%) by pulse oximetry; or inability to feed, prostration, or unconsciousness. ‡Pneumonia with concurrent wheeze. §Combined group of children with RSV and other LRTI. IRRs (95% CIs) for readmission with pneumonia, pneumonia with wheeze, any readmission, nonpneumonia, and all-cause mortality comparing RSV LRTI vs. other LRTI group are 1.14 (0.85–1.53), 1.53 (0.92–2.54), 1.10 (0.89–1.37), 1.07 (0.82–1.39), and 0.39 (0.18–0.82), respectively.