Table 3.
Health Status of Kidney Donors More Than 20 Years after Donation.*
| Kidney Donors with GFR Measurement (N = 55) |
Controls (N = 55) |
Kidney Donors without GFR Measurement (N = 1035)† |
P Value‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 57.7±9.8 | 57.7±9.8 | 61.9±11.6 | — |
| Female sex (%) | 64.1 | 64.1 | 57.6 | — |
| White race (%) | 98 | 98 | 98 | — |
| Body-mass index >30 (%)§ | 32.0 | 32.0 | 31.8 | — |
| Blood pressure | ||||
| Systolic (mm Hg) | 121.3±16.1 | 128.7±21.3 | 126.9±15.8 | 0.02 |
| Diastolic (mm Hg) | 72.5±10.5 | 68.5±17.9 | 75.8±9.7 | 0.16 |
| Systolic ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg (%) | 24.5 | 22.6 | 23.2 | 0.80 |
| GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)¶ | 62.7±12.6 | 76.1±16.5 | 65.2±9.5 | <0.001 |
| Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio | ||||
| Natural-log–transformed value | 2.22±1.7 | 2.28±1.0 | NA | 0.81 |
| >0.03 (%) | 17.3 | 11.3 | NA | 0.36 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.8±1.3 | 14.5±1.3 | 14.0±1.9 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 90.9±9.8 | 102.3±16.2 | 100.6±25.9 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 186.4±38.1 | 205.4±35.1 | 200.5±41.4 | 0.01 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 112.7±60.3 | 153.8±80.3 | 138.1±93.2 | <0.01 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 50.3±17.4 | 54.4±16.4 | 54.7±17.6 | 0.12 |
| Clinical conditions (%)‖ | ||||
| Diabetes | 5.7 | 11.3 | 7.1 | 0.17 |
| Cancer | 11.3 | 15.1 | 13.4 | 0.56 |
| Coronary heart disease | 3.8 | 9.4 | 4.5 | 0.17 |
| Cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack | 1.9 | 3.8 | 1.9 | 0.56 |
| Use of antihypertensive drugs (%)‖ | 39.6 | 37.7 | 40.4 | 0.85 |
| Current smoker (%)‖ | 15.1 | 11.3 | 15.7 | 0.52 |
Plus–minus values are means ±SD. Kidney donors in whom the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured were matched in a 1:1 ratio according to age, sex, race or ethnic group, and body-mass index with participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). The paired t-test (for continuous variables) and McNemar’s test (for categorical variables) were used for between-group comparisons. NA denotes not available. To convert the values for hemoglobin to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.6206. To convert the values for glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.05551; to convert the values for cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.02586. To convert the values for triglycerides to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.01129.
Data were available for 391 to 1035 kidney donors. Total numbers of donors whose data were included for each variable are listed in the Supplementary Appendix.
The P value is for the comparison of donors in whom the GFR was measured with controls from NHANES only.
The body-mass index is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.
The GFR was estimated with the use of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation.
This variable was self-reported.