Table 2. Prevalence of screen-detected type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose regulation (IGR), high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and chronic kidney disease (CKD) by sex and ethnicity.
| Males | Females | ||||||
| White European | South Asian | Pa | White European | South Asian | Pa | All participants | |
| Diabetes | 52/1323 | 36/401 | <0.001 | 49/1503 | 35/471 | <0.001 | 172/3698 |
| 3.9 (2.9, 5.0) | 9.0 (6.2, 11.8) | 3.3 (2.4, 4.2) | 7.4 (5.1, 9.8) | 4.7 (4.0, 5.3) | |||
| IGR | 122/1321 | 50/400 | 0.057 | 140/1501 | 51/471 | 0.337 | 363/3693 |
| 9.2 (7.7, 10.8) | 12.5 (9.3, 15.7) | 9.3 (7.9, 10.8) | 10.8 (8.0, 13.6) | 9.8 (8.9, 10.8) | |||
| High CVD riskb | 426/1289 | 152/389 | 0.028 | 67/1451 | 11/462 | 0.034 | 656/3591 |
| 33.1 (30.5, 35.6) | 39.1 (34.2, 43.9) | 4.6 (3.5, 5.7) | 2.4 (1.0, 3.8) | 18.3 (17.0, 19.5) | |||
| CKD | 61/1314 | 6/399 | 0.005 | 194/1493 | 17/464 | <0.001 | 278/3670 |
| 4.6 (3.5, 5.8) | 1.5 (0.3, 2.7) | 13.0 (11.3, 14.7) | 3.7 (2.0, 5.4) | 7.6 (6.7, 8.4) | |||
| Any risk factorc | 544/1298 | 199/394 | 0.003 | 397/1467 | 106/464 | 0.071 | 1246/3623 |
| 41.9 (39.2, 44.6) | 50.5 (45.6, 55.4) | 27.1 (24.8, 29.3) | 22.8 (19.0, 26.7) | 34.4 (32.8, 35.9) | |||
| All risk factorsc | 10/1320 | 1/400 | 0.265 | 2/1499 | 0/469 | 0.429 | 13/3688 |
| 0.8 (0.3, 1.2) | 0.3 (0.0, 0.7) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.3) | 0 | 0.4 (0.2, 0.5) | |||
Data shown are number of cases/total and percentage (95% confidence interval).
Missing values: Diabetes = 9; IGR = 7; CVD risk = 116; CKD = 37; Any = 48; All = 11.
a
P-values were estimated using X2 tests and show the difference in prevalence between White Europeans and South Asians for each sex.
b
High CVD risk was defined as a risk score greater than 20%.
c
Any risk factor means that the person has at least one of diabetes, IGR, high CVD risk or CKD. All rick factors means that the person has diabetes or IGR, high CVD risk and CKD.