Table 2.

Case series and retrospective studies on cryoablation for renal tumours

Study	Design of study	Comparative intervention	Patients (n)	Tumours (n)	Mean tumour size or range on preoperative (cm)	Tumour type Exophytic Parenchymal, xcentral, mixed or others		Laparoscopic or Percutaneous Cryoablation	Follow-up (months)
Atwell 200833	Retrospective	N/A	110	115	3.3	56	59	Percutaneous	13.3b
Finley 200834	Retrospective	N/A	37	43	2.9	6	36	Percutaneous and laparoscopic	12.8b
Georgiades 200835	Case series	N/A	46	40	3.0c	NR		Percutaneous	28c
Hinshaw 200836	Retrospective	N/A	90	90	Perc. 2.1 Lap. 2.5	NR		Percutaneous and laparoscopic	Perc. 14.5b Lap. 16.5b
Lehman 200837	Retrospective	N/A	44	51	Group 1d 1.8 Group 2d 4.0	32	19	Laparoscopic	Group 1:9.0b Group 2: 11.0b
Nguyen 200838	Retrospective comparative	RFA	CA 14 RFA 22	CA 25 RFA 38	CA 3.0 RFA 2.8	NR		Laparoscopic and open	NR
Weight 200839	Retrospective comparative	RFA	CA 176 RFA 88	CA 192 RFA 109	CA 2.4 RFA 2.5	NR CA 30 NR RFA 42		Laparoscopic	6
Atwell 2007a,b39–41	Retrospective	N/A	40	40	4.2	15	25	Percutaneous	9b
Bandi 200742	Retrospective	N/A	78	88	2.6	NR		Percutaneous and laparoscopic	19b
Cestari 200743	Retrospective	N/A	86	56	2.3	NR		Laparoscopic	24
Littrup 200744	Retrospective	N/A	48	49	3.3	30	19	Percutaneous	1.1c
Lokken 200730	Retrospective comparative	RFA	253	287	3.0	NR		Percutaneous	52
Weld 200745	Case series	N/A	31	36	2.1	27	09	Laparoscopic	45.7b
Wright 200729	Retrospective	N/A	32	35	1.9	32	03	Laparoscopic	18c
Davol 200646	Retrospective	N/A	48	48	2.6	44	04	Laparoscopic and open	64b
Hegarty 200647	Retrospective comparative	RFA	CA 161 RFA 72	CA 179 RFA 81	CA 2.56 RFA 2.51	NR NR	CA 6% RFA 37%	Laparoscopic	CA 36c RFA 13c
Lawatsch 200648	Case series	N/A	59	81	2.5	NR		Laparoscopic	26.8c
Matin 200649	Retrospective comparative	RFA	CA 8f RFA 55f	N	3.85	39%	61%	Percutaneous and laparoscopic	24.2b
Schwartz 200650	Retrospective	N/A	84	85	2.6	NR		Laparoscopic and open	10b
Desai 200551	Retrospective comparative	LPN	CA 78 LPN 153	CA 89 LPN 153	CA 2.05 LPN 2.25	NR		Laparoscopic	CA 24.6b LPN 5.8b
Gill 200527	Case series	N/A	56	60	2.3	NR		Laparoscopic	36
Cestari 200452	Case series	N/A	37	NR	2.5	NR		Laparoscopic	20.5b
Gill 200053	Case series	N/A	32	34	2.3	NR		Laparoscopic	12

RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; LPN: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy; CA: cryoablation; N/A: not applicable; NR: not reported.

^aA subset of these patients have been included in 2 prior publications (Atwell 2007a and Atwell 2007b);

^bMean;

^cMean;

^dIn Group 1 the patients presented with a maximum tumour diameter less than 3.0 cm and, group 2 patients had a maximum tumour diameter of 3.0 cm or larger;

^eAtwell 2007 has two publications with the same participants;

^fPatients with residual or recurrent disease.