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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Jun 24;11(7):467–480. doi: 10.1038/nrc3088

Table 1. Crosslinking agents used in the clinic.

Drug Clinical application Dose-limiting toxicity Example solution
structure
Platinums
Cisplatin Testicular, ovarian and
non-small-cell lung cancer		 Central nervous system,
renal and gastrointestinal
toxicity153 		graphic file with name emss-51353-t0006.jpg
Carboplatin Ovarian cancer Neutropenia154
Oxaliplatin Colorectal cancer Neuropathy135,155
Satraplatin Prostate and breast cancer Thrombocytopenia and
neutropenia156,157
Picoplatin Phase II trials for relapsed lung
cancer and Phase I and II trials for
the treatment of solid tumours, and
prostate, colorectal and small-cell
lung cancer		 Thrombocytopenia and
neutropenia158
Nitrogen mustards
Cyclophosphamide Lymphoma Neutropenia160 graphic file with name emss-51353-t0007.jpg
Melphalan Multiple myeloma, melanoma and
ovarian cancer		 Leukopenia and
thrombocytopenia161
Chlorambucil Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia Pancytopenia and
neurotoxicity162
Ifosfamide Non-small-cell lung cancer Leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia and
renal toxicity163
Others
Mitomycin C Oesophageal and bladder cancer Leukopenia and
thrombocytopenia165,166 		graphic file with name emss-51353-t0008.jpg
Psoralen plus ultraviolet
A radiation		 Cutaneous T cell lymphoma Dermatitis167,168
Pyrrolobenzodiazepines Phase II trial for solid tumours Fatigue and
thrombocytopenia169