Inhibition of NMMIIA results in delayed internalization of cell surface TCR-α/-β. (a, c) CD4+ T cells obtained from young and elderly donors were either left untreated or pre-treated with blebbistatin, then activated with 5 µg/well plate-bound anti-CD3 for 10 or 40 min. The cells were then stained using an antibody to TCR-α/-β, followed by Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated secondary antibody, and fixed with 2% PFA. Surface expression of TCR was detected by flow cytometry. Representative data from one donor pair are shown. (b, d), Cumulative data from a minimum of five independent pairs of young and elderly donors. The percentage of internalization was calculated based on the mean fluorescence intensity. The data represent the mean fluorescence intensity±s.e. ** denotes statistical significance at P<0.001. NMMIIA, non-muscle myosin IIA; PFA, paraformaldehyde; TCR, T-cell receptor.