Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of participants who completed the study.

	Exercise group (n=26)	Control group (n=27)	p
Gender (Men/Women)	9/17	10/17	0.912
Age (y)	58.4±5.7	62.9±4.2	0.420
Diabetes duration (y)	5.1±2.5	5.5±2.1	0.787
Smokers	5 (19.2%)	4 (14.8%)	0.291
Anti-hypertensive medications (n)	16 (61.5%)	19 (70.4%)	0.333
Statins (n)	15 (57.69%)	18 (66.67%)	0.456
Anti-diabetic regimen (n)
Sulfonylurea	3	2	0.123
Metformin	5	7	0.243
Sulfonylurea + metformin	12	14	0502
DPP4 inhibitors + metformin	6	4	0.091
Apelin (ng/ml)	0.209±0.102	0.213±0.114	0.824
Ghrelin (ng/ml)	2.51±1.81	2.76±1.86	0.729
HOMA-IR	5.91±3.69	4.97±2.16	0.286
Insulin (mU/L)	9.38±4.82	8.93±4.11	0.370

Data are mean ±SD. n – number of patients; y – years; DPP4 – dipeptidyl-peptidase 4; HOMA-IR – homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance.