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. 2012 Aug 1;18(8):RA138–RA144. doi: 10.12659/MSM.883260

Table 1.

Clinical manifestations of the ocular ischemic syndrome [3,4,18].

Anterior segment
 Rubeosis iridis and neovascular glaucoma
 Uveitis
 Anterior and posterior synechia
 Spontaneous hyphema
 Asymmetric cataract
 Atrophy of sphincter pupillae and semi-dilated pupil
 Sluggish reaction to light
 Conjunctival and episcleral injection
 Corneal edema with Descemet’s folds (sometimes with bullous keratopathy)
 Scleral melting

Posterior segment
 Narrowed retinal arteries
 Spontaneous retinal arteries pulsations
 Dilated retinal veins
 Retinal hemorrhages
 Microaneurysms
 Retinal teleangiectasia
 Cherry-red spot
 Cholesterol emboli
 Glaucoma (neovascular glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma)
 Neovascularization (optic disc, retina)
 Vitreous hemorrhage
 Anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy
 Cotton-wool spots
 Choroidal neovascular membrane
 Areas of chorio-retinal atrophy

Orbital infarction syndrome
 Anterior and posterior segment ischemia
 Ophthalmoplegia
 Orbital pain
 Hypotony
 Ptosis