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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2011 Jun;114(6):1435–1445. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318218a881

Table 2.

Pharmacokinetic Model Parameters of the Combined Ketamine-Norketamine Model.

Estimate SE ω2 SE ν2 SE

S(+)-ketamine
V1,ket (L) 17.0 1.91 - - 0.148 0.048
95% ci 13.6 – 21.0 0.06 – 0.25

V2.ket (L) 28.3 2.97 - - - -
95% ci 23.3 – 34.1

V3,ket (L) 147 10.2 0.065 0.019 0.029 0.020
95% ci 129 – 172 0.03 – 0.10 0.00001 – 0.08

Cl1,ket (L/h) 93.5 2.70 0.007 0.004 0.006 0.002
95% ci 87.6 – 98.8 0.001 – 0.02 0.002 – 0.01
F Cl1,ket* 0.13 0.03
95% ci 0.07 – 0.20

Cl2,ket (L/h) 127 12.3 - - - -
95% ci 107 – 148 - -

Cl3,ket (L/h) 91.9 5.10 0.02 0.006 - -
95% ci 82 - 101 0.01 – 0.03 -

σ2 0.008 0.002

S(+)-norketamine
MTT (h) 0.25 0.02 0.05* 0.03* 0.02 0.01
95% ci 0.21 – 0.28 0.01 – 0.14 0.004 – 0.05

V2.nkt (L) 193 10.6 - - 0.14 0.03
95% ci 173 – 217 - 0.09 – 0.19

Cl1,nkt (L/h) 64.9 2.81 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.01
95% ci 58.5 – 70.8 0.01 – 0.06 0.01 – 0.05
F Cl1,nkt* 2.02 0.19
95% ci 1.67 – 2.41

Cl2,nkt (L/h) 334 30.5 0.05* 0.03* 0.14 0.04
95% ci 285 - 411 0.01 – 0.14 0.07 – 0.22

σ2 0.007 0.001

* one parameter was sufficient for the interindividual error of Cl2,nket and MTT;

Units of the volumes are L/kg at 70 kg; units of the clearances are L/h at 70 kg;

Cl1,ket is the clearance from compartment 1,ket;

Cl2,ket is the clearance from compartment 2,ket;

Cl3,ket is the clearance from compartment 3,ket;

Cl1,nket is the clearance from compartment 1,nkt;

Cl2,nket is the clearance from compartment 2,nkt.

Factor F denotes the significant effect of rifampicin treatment on model parameters Cl1,nkt and Cl2,nkt (significance level < 0.01);

MTT is mean transit time;

ν2 is the interoccasion variability (in the log-domain);

σ2 is the within-subject variability (in the log domain);

SE is standard error;

V1,ket is the volume of compartment 1,ket;

V2,ket is the volume of compartment 2,ket;

V3,ket is the volume of compartment 3,ket;

V2,nkt is the volume of compartment 2,nkt.

ω2 is the inter-subject variability (in the log-domain).

*

P < 0.01.