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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2012 Jul 17;26(11):1371–1385. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328354f4fb

Table 3.

Results of the Regression Analyses to Assess the Baseline Factors Associated with 24 and 96 Weeks Changes in all Biomarkers.

Endpoint Baseline covariate 24 Week Change 96 Week Change
Univariate Multivariable Univariate Multivariable
Fold Δ% diff.
(95% CI)		 p-value Fold Δ% diff.
(95% CI)		 p-value Fold Δ% diff.
(95% CI)		 p-value Fold Δ% diff.
(95% CI)		 p-value
hsCRP (ug/mL) ABC/3TC (vs. TDF/FTC) 61.5 (13.6, 129.5) 0.008 57.8 (9.9, 126.5) 0.014 53.5 (6.9, 120.4) 0.021 48.5 (2.4, 115.3) 0.037
ATV/r (vs. EFV) −37.6 (−56.1, −11.2) 0.009 −38.3 (−57.1, −11.3) 0.009 −19.5 (−44.2, 16.1) 0.24 −25.4 (−48.9, 8.8) 0.13
Male (vs. female) −38.6 (−62.5, 0.5) 0.052 −24.4 (−55.2, 27.3) 0.29 −57.2 (−73.8, −30.1) 0.001 −51.3 (−71.8, −16.0) 0.010
HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −4.0 (−25.9, 24.4) 0.76 −29.6 (−52.0, 3.1) 0.071 −0.3 (−24.3, 31.3) 0.98 9.6 (−20.6, 51.5) 0.58
CD4 count (50 cells/mm3) −5.3 (−10.3, −0.1) 0.046 −7.1 (−12.7, −1.0) 0.022 −3.4 (−8.6, 2.0) 0.21 −3.6 (−9.6, 2.9) 0.27
ABC/3TC*HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) 69.5 (1.7, 182.6) 0.043
IL-6 (pg/mL) ABC/3TC (vs. TDF/FTC) 28.5 (4.2, 58.4) 0.019 28.6 (2.8, 60.9) 0.028 22.2 (−4.3, 56.1) 0.11 16.3 (−9.2, 49.0) 0.23
Male (vs. female) −15.5 (−37.0, 13.4) 0.26 −7.7 (−33.2, 27.4) 0.62 −44.4 (−60.0, −22.7) 0.001 −37.6 (−56.6, −10.3) 0.011
HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −18.4 (−29.9, −5.1) 0.009 −29.9 (−44.7, −11.2) 0.003 −16.1 (−30.2, 0.7) 0.059 −1.7 (−20.8, 21.9) 0.87
CD4 count (50 cells/mm3) 1.6 (−1.7, 4.9) 0.35 −0.5 (−4.3, 3.5) 0.81 4.9 (1.2, 8.8) 0.010 3.9 (−0.5, 8.5) 0.082
BMI (kg/m2) 0.7 (−1.6, 3.1) 0.56 0.3 (−2.2, 2.9) 0.83 4.4 (1.7, 7.1) 0.001 1.9 (−0.9, 4.8) 0.19
Hypertension (vs. none) 8.2 (−18.9, 44.3) 0.59 4.5 (−23.7, 43.1) 0.78 51.1 (9.5, 108.6) 0.012 32.6 (−5.3, 85.6) 0.10
ABC/3TC*HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) 36.6 (−0.4, 87.5) 0.053
sICAM-1 (ng/mL) None None
sTNF-RI (pg/mL) Race/Ethnicity (vs. white non-Hispanic) 0.21 0.22 0.073 0.030
Black non-Hispanic 6.0 (0.2, 12.2) 0.043 5.1 (−0.8, 11.4) 0.093 9.0 (1.9, 16.5) 0.012 9.8 (2.6, 17.5) 0.007
Hispanic 0.9 (−5.9, 8.2) 0.80 4.9 (−2.4, 12.7) 0.19 3.8 (−4.6, 13.0) 0.38 6.9 (−1.8, 16.3) 0.12
Other −1.5 (−15.1, 14.2) 0.84 −4.0 (−16.8, 10.8) 0.58 −5.4 (−23.7, 17.4) 0.61 −5.1 (−22.7, 16.4) 0.61
HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −9.5 (−12.5, −6.4) <0.001 −7.2 (−11.1, −3.2) 0.001 −9.2 (−13.0, −5.2) <0.001 −3.9 (−9.7, 2.2) 0.21
CD4 count (50 cells/mm3) 1.5 (0.8, 2.3) <0.001 0.7 (−0.2, 1.6) 0.12 2.0 (1.1, 2.9) <0.001 1.4 (0.4, 2.4) 0.008
BMI (kg/m2) 0.6 (0.1, 1.2) 0.026 0.3 (−0.3, 0.9) 0.33 0.9 (0.2, 1.5) 0.011 0.4 (−0.3, 1.1) 0.27
Fasting LDL cholesterol (10 mg/dL) 1.1 (0.3, 1.9) 0.008 0.7 (−0.1, 1.5) 0.10 1.1 (0.1, 2.1) 0.028 0.7 (−0.3, 1.7) 0.16
Hypertension (vs. none) 3.8 (−2.9, 11.1) 0.27 1.9 (−5.0, 9.3) 0.59 9.6 (1.3, 18.7) 0.023 10.3 (1.9, 19.5) 0.015
Family history of CAD (vs. none) 2.8 (−2.7, 8.7) 0.32 0.7 (−4.7, 6.5) 0.80 7.7 (0.8, 15.2) 0.029 6.3 (−0.6, 13.6) 0.072
sTNF-RII (pg/mL) Age (years) −0.6 (−1.1, −0.0) 0.049 −0.8 (−1.3, −0.2) 0.008 −0.8 (−1.4, −0.1) 0.020 −1.0 (−1.7, −0.3) 0.003
HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −22.7 (−27.9, −17.2) <0.001 −23.2 (−30.8, −14.8) <0.001 −24.1 (−30.3, −17.3) <0.001 −18.5 (−26.3, −9.9) <0.001
CD4 count (50 cells/mm3) 3.5 (1.9, 5.1) <0.001 1.0 (−0.8, 2.7) 0.28 4.4 (2.5, 6.2) <0.001 1.6 (−0.4, 3.7) 0.11
BMI (kg/m2) 1.5 (0.3, 2.6) 0.013 1.0 (−0.1, 2.1) 0.087 2.0 (0.7, 3.4) 0.004 1.4 (0.1, 2.8) 0.037
Fasting LDL cholesterol (10 mg/dL) 2.2 (0.5, 4.0) 0.012 1.5 (−0.1, 3.2) 0.065 1.5 (−0.6, 3.6) 0.15 1.0 (−0.9, 2.9) 0.32
sVCAM-1 (ng/mL) ATV/r (vs. EFV) 1.9 (−6.1, 10.6) 0.65 3.5 (−4.4, 12.0) 0.40 7.8 (−2.3, 19.0) 0.14 10.1 (−0.1, 21.4) 0.053
HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −15.5 (−20.0, −10.7) <0.001 −11.2 (−18.5, −3.2) 0.007 −19.1 (−24.4, −13.4) <0.001 −19.7 (−26.1, −12.7) <0.001
CD4 count (50 cells/mm3) 2.1 (0.9, 3.4) 0.001 0.2 (−1.1, 1.6) 0.75 2.0 (0.5, 3.5) 0.009 −0.5 (−2.2, 1.2) 0.55
Fasting LDL cholesterol (10 mg/dL) 1.4 (0.1, 2.7) 0.035 0.9 (−0.4, 2.2) 0.17 0.7 (−1.0, 2.3) 0.42 0.4 (−1.2, 2.0) 0.65
ATV/r* HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −11.0 (−20.4, −0.4) 0.043
TNF-α Age (years) −0.6 (−1.2, −0.1) 0.022 −0.8 (−1.4, −0.2) 0.006 −0.5 (−1.2, 0.1) 0.11 −0.8 (−1.5, −0.1) 0.019
HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/mL) −13.4 (−19.6, −6.8) <0.001 −20.0 (−28.5, −10.4) <0.001 −17.5 (−24.6, −9.6) <0.001 −20.7 (−28.8, −11.8) <0.001
CD4 count (50 cells/mm3) −0.2 (−1.7, 1.4) 0.83 −2.3 (−4.1, −0.5) 0.015 0.6 (−1.3, 2.5) 0.53 −2.5 (−4.5, −0.3) 0.023
Fasting glucose (10 mg/dL) 7.3 (1.8, 13.0) 0.009 6.6 (0.8, 12.7) 0.025 9.6 (2.9, 16.7) 0.004 5.4 (−1.5, 12.8) 0.13
Hypertension (vs. none) 5.1 (−8.9, 21.2) 0.49 7.6 (−7.4, 25.1) 0.34 18.4 (0.3, 39.7) 0.046 21.7 (2.9, 43.9) 0.022
Family history of CAD (vs. none) −1.6 (−12.4, 10.6) 0.79 2.7 (−8.9, 15.8) 0.66 10.8 (−3.8, 27.6) 0.15 17.9 (2.2, 35.9) 0.024

Baseline covariates with p<0.05 at week 24 or 96 in either univariate or multivariable analysis are presented. Interactions with p<0.10 in multivariable analysis are presented. ABC/3TC*HIV-1 RNA interaction was included in the week 24 multivariable model for hsCRP, IL-6, sTNF-RII, and TNF-α. ATV/r*HIV-1 RNA interaction was included in the week 24 multivariable model for sVCAM-1 and the week 96 multivariable model for sTNF-RI.