Table 1.
Characteristics of Subjects
| Characteristic | No statin(n=11) | Low dose statin(n=48) | High dose statin (n=120) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
65 +/- 14 |
64 +/- 11 |
60 +/- 12 |
0.489 |
| Male gender |
8 (73%) |
31 (65%) |
85 (71%) |
0.707 |
| Race |
|
|
|
|
| Caucasian |
11 (100%) |
41 (85%) |
106 (88%) |
0.398 |
| African-American |
0 (0%) |
7 (15%) |
14 (12%) |
0.398 |
| Hypertension* |
7 (64%) |
42 (88%) |
104 (87%) |
0.098 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
4 (36%) |
11 (23%) |
39 (33%) |
0.874 |
| Tobacco use |
4 (36%) |
10 (21%) |
33 (28%) |
0.730 |
| Family history of CAD |
2 (18%) |
23 (48%) |
51 (43%) |
0.047 |
| Prior Angina |
5 (45%) |
17 (35%) |
55 (46%) |
0.802 |
| Peripheral arterial disease |
1 (9%) |
10 (21%) |
33 (28%) |
0.460 |
| Congestive heart failure |
2 (18%) |
3 (6%) |
9 (8%) |
0.958 |
| Myocardial infarction |
3 (27%) |
11 (23%) |
48 (40%) |
0.050 |
| Prior CABG |
3 (27%) |
4 (8%) |
22 (18%) |
0.104 |
| Prior PCI |
3 (27%) |
16 (33%) |
47 (40%) |
0.401 |
| Prior Stroke |
0 (0%) |
3 (6%) |
18 (15%) |
0.445 |
| Medications |
|
|
|
|
| Beta-blocker |
7 (64%) |
27 (56%) |
84 (71%) |
0.183 |
| ACE inhibitor |
3 (27%) |
22 (46%) |
53 (45%) |
0.397 |
| Aspirin |
9 (82%) |
36 (75%) |
102 (86%) |
0.678 |
| Insulin |
2 (18%) |
5 (10%) |
13 (11%) |
0.652 |
| Oral hypoglycemic |
1 (9%) |
7 (15%) |
16 (14%) |
0.869 |
| Calcium channel blocker |
2 (18%) |
10 (21%) |
15 (13%) |
0.681 |
| Clopidogrel |
4 (36%) |
11 (23%) |
30 (25%) |
0.393 |
| Lipid panel (mmol/L) |
|
|
|
|
| Total cholesterol |
160 [134-161] |
157 [136-177] |
161 [135-200] |
0.593 |
| Low density lipoprotein |
88 [81-106] |
95 [80-112] |
92 [74-131] |
0.815 |
| High density lipoprotein |
43 [37-51] |
38 [33-47] |
38 [32-44] |
0.128 |
| Triglycerides |
89 [55-131] |
111 [85-199] |
132 [100-194] |
0.098 |
| Angiographic data |
|
|
|
|
| Obstructive CAD † |
10 (91%) |
39 (81%) |
106 (88%) |
0.434 |
| Non-obstructive CAD |
1 (9%) |
8 (17%) |
19 (16%) |
0.819 |
| Presence of collaterals |
3 (27%) |
16 (67%) |
42 (60%) |
0.868 |
| Cytokines (pg/mL) |
|
|
|
|
| CXCL1 |
10516 [2094-27454] |
4087 [899-18355] |
7709 [1749-20804] |
0.026 |
| CXCL3 |
987 [288-1351] |
514 [230-1163] |
632 [215-1003] |
0.359 |
| CXCL5 |
5820 [4041-15103] |
5127 [2326-8607] |
5820 [2985-9245] |
0.290 |
| CXCL8 |
741 [517-1391] |
751 [367-1441] |
758 [345-1664] |
0.884 |
| CXCL9 |
4133 [68-16835] |
3421 [297-7749] |
3558 [392-7741] |
0.890 |
| CXCL10 |
1552 [922-2075] |
922 [587-1362] |
901 [587-1670] |
0.117 |
| CXCL11 |
7577 [2920-9914] |
5072 [2711-7724] |
4449 [2786-7500] |
0.259 |
| CXCL12 |
2316 [2255-11071] |
2362 [2016-10622] |
2189 [1968-2705] |
0.042 |
| CCL2 |
131 [32-163] |
58 [39-92] |
62 [28-132] |
0.259 |
| VEGF |
909 [559-3997] |
1219 [205-1991] |
957 [147-1880] |
0.678 |
| IFN-γ | 472 [92-1034] | 317 [113-472] | 304 [147-525] | 0.467 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median [25-75% interquartile range (IQR)], or as number (percentage), ACE= angiotensin converting-enzyme, CABG= coronary artery bypass graft surgery, CAD= coronary artery disease, IFN= interferon, PCI= percutaneous coronary intervention, VEGF= vascular endothelial growth factor *= on antihypertensive medications, or untreated patients with known systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmHg †= ≥70% luminal diameter narrowing of at least one major epicardial artery.