Altered amino acid profiles in 12-d-old wild-type (white bars), dfc (black bars), and DFC complementation (gray bars) seedlings on 0.3 or 9.4 n medium. Total free amino acid (A) and some individual amino acid (B and C) contents in seedlings are shown. Data are represented as means ± sd (n = 4), and each replicate consisted of 200 mg of pooled plant material. Black bars with single asterisks indicate significant differences at P < 0.05, and those with double asterisks indicate highly significant differences at P < 0.01 (Student’s t test). FW, Fresh weight.