Table 2.

Outcomes for participants in standard outpatient (OP) and intensive outpatient (IOP) conditions.

	OP (n = 155)	IOP (n=145)	Condition x Time Interaction Test (OP v. IOP Effect)	Time Effect Test (Overall Change)
Opioid dependence criteria, % (SE)
Baseline	93.5 (.02)	94.5 (.02)	χ2(2) = .81; p = .67	χ2(2) = 248.71; p< .001
3-months	18.1 (.03)	23.4 (.04)
6-months	20.5 (.03)	21.0 (.04)
Cocaine dependence criteria, % (SE)
Baseline	36.1 (.04)	44.8 (.04)	χ2(2) = .93; p = .63	χ2(2) = 110.25; p< .001
3-months	9.3 (.02)	13.1 (.03)
6-months	11.1 (.03)	11.3 (.03)
Opioid-positive urine test, % (SE)
Baseline	72.3 (.04)	70.7 (.04)	χ2(2) = .44; p = .80	χ2(2) = 48.84; p< .001
3-months	48.8 (.04)	44.1 (.04)
6-months	55.8 (.04)	48.9 (.04)
Cocaine-positive urine test, % (SE)
Baseline	43.2 (.04)	55.3 (.04)	χ2(2) = 5.37; p = .07	χ2(2) = 16.24; p< .001
3-months	35.5 (.04)	38.8 (.04)
6-months	41.5 (.04)	38.5 (.04)
Days of heroin use/last 30 days, mean (SE)
Baseline	22.3 (.78)	22.3 (.79)	χ2(2) = .67; p = .72	χ2(2) = 265.75; p< .001
3-months	3.3 (.66)	2.8 (.55)
6-months	3.9 (.69)	3.2 (.65)
Days of cocaine use/last 30 days, mean (SE)
Baseline	7.3 (.89)	7.1 (.83)	χ2(2) = .02; p = .99	χ2(2) = 86.80; p< .001
3-months	2.3 (.49)	2.3 (.51)
6-months	2.0 (.43)	2.0 (.47)
Days of crime/last 30 days, mean (SE)
Baseline	8.9 (.98)	6.5 (.82)	χ2(2) = 3.99; p = .14	χ2(2) = 89.46; p< .001
3-months	1.2 (.40)	1.9 (.51)
6-months	1.2 (.37)	1.7 (.52)
Retention in treatment (time-to-dropout)
Days in treatment (max=180)	127.1	126.9	χ2(1) = .04; p=.84	N/A
ASI composite: Medical, mean (SE)
Baseline	.29 (.03)	.24 (.03)	χ2(2) = 1.45; p = .48	χ2(2) = .09; p = .96
3-months	.27 (.03)	.28 (.03)
6-months	.29 (.03)	.26 (.03)
ASI composite: Employment, mean (SE)
Baseline	.86 (.02)	.83 (.02)	χ2(2) = .09; p = .95	χ2(2) = 4.74; p = .09
3-months	.88 (.02)	.85 (.02)
6-months	.87 (.02)	.83 (.02)
ASI composite: Alcohol, mean (SE)
Baseline	.09 (.01)	.09 (.02)	χ2(2) = 1.69; p = .43	χ2(2) = 31.33; p< .001
3-months	.04 (.01)	.04 (.01)
6-months	.03 (.01)	.05 (.01)
ASI composite: Drug, mean (SE)
Baseline	.29 (.01)	.30 (.01)	χ2(2) = .15; p = .93	χ2(2) = 687.54; p< .001
3-months	.11 (.01)	.11 (.01)
6-months	.10 (.01)	.10 (.01)
ASI composite: Legal, mean (SE)
Baseline	.21 (.02)	.21 (.02)	χ2(2) = 2.80; p = .25	χ2(2) = 91.40; p< .001
3-months	.07 (.01)	.11 (.02)
6-months	.08 (.01)	.09 (.01)
ASI composite: Fam/Social, mean (SE)
Baseline	.12 (.02)	.11 (.02)	χ2(2) = 1.00; p = .61	χ2(2) = 5.44; p = .07
3-months	.10 (.02)	.12 (.02)
6-months	.09 (.02)	.09 (.02)
ASI composite: Psychiatric, mean (SE)
Baseline	.20 (.02)	.20 (.02)	χ2(2) = 2.57; p = .28	χ2(2) = 1.24; p = .54
3-months	.20 (.02)	.23 (.02)
6-months	.20 (.02)	.21 (.02)
Quality of Life: Physical, mean (SE)
Baseline	58.66 (1.51)	61.43 (1.51)	χ2(2) = 0.20; p = .91	χ2(2) = 56.00; p< .001
3-months	66.97 (1.66)	68.77 (1.71)
6-months	65.43 (1.74)	67.80 (1.74)
Quality of Life: Psychological, mean (SE)
Baseline	66.80 (1.49)	68.24 (1.56)	χ2(2) = 3.48; p = .18	χ2(2) = 41.49; p< .001
3-months	74.42 (1.38)	73.68 (1.49)
6-months	71.47 (1.48)	74.00 (1.61)
Quality of Life: Social, mean (SE)
Baseline	62.80 (1.94)	64.08 (1.83)	χ2(2) = 0.79; p = .68	χ2(2) = 24.99; p< .001
3-months	68.18 (1.84)	67.33 (1.98)
6-months	71.04 (1.75)	70.00 (1.92)
Quality of Life: Environmental, mean (SE)
Baseline	59.86 (1.42)	60.84 (1.39)	χ2(2) = 0.03; p = .99	χ2(2) = 27.99; p< .001
3-months	64.14 (1.40)	65.43 (1.50)
6-months	65.00 (1.45)	66.06 (1.44)
HIV Risk Behaviors: Injection, mean (SE)
Baseline	1.06 (.28)	.41 (.14)	χ2(2) = 3.56; p = .17	χ2(2) = 14.87; p< .001
3-months	.28 (.10)	.09 (.03)
6-months	.18 (.07)	.10 (.03)
HIV Risk Behaviors: Sex, mean (SE)
Baseline	3.10 (.19)	3.29 (.18)	χ2(2) = 1.83; p = .40	χ2(2) = 7.77; p = .02
3-months	2.90 (.17)	2.94 (.16)
6-months	2.91 (.16)	2.76 (.16)

SE = Standard Error

Opioid and Cocaine Dependence defined as meeting 3 or more criteria.