Oxidative folding pathway of panitide L1. Oxidation was performed in 50% isopropyl alcohol, 100 mm ammonium bicarbonate (pH 8.0), 1 mm reduced glutathione at room temperature. Aliquots were removed at various intervals, quenched with 1% trifluoroacetic acid, and analyzed by RP-HPLC. The time points are labeled on the HPLC traces. R and N are the reduced and native peptide, respectively. Arrows indicate the position of the native peptide.