Table 2.
Steady-state plasma and urine pharmacokinetic parameters of trospium following oral administration of trospium chloride XR 60 mg once daily, alone and in combination with metformin 500 mg twice daily (mean ± standard deviation)
| Pharmacokinetic parameters of trospium chloride XR | Trospium chloride XR (n = 44) | Trospium chloride XR + metformin (n = 43) |
|---|---|---|
| Cmax (ng/mL) | 1.87 ± 1.44 | 1.17 ± 0.71 |
| tmax (h) | 4.42 ± 1.94 | 4.12 ± 1.60 |
| AUC24 (ng·h/mL) | 22.7 ± 14.4 | 15.6 ± 9.5 |
| CLss/F (L/h) | 3,510 ± 1,920 | 4,830 ± 2,320 |
| Ae,24 (mg) | 0.400 ± 0.247 | 0.281 ± 0.156 |
| Ae,24/dose (%) | 0.667 ± 0.411 | 0.468 ± 0.260 |
| CLR (L/h) | 18.4 ± 4.8 | 18.4 ± 5.4 |
A e,24 cumulative amount of drug excreted in the urine from time zero to 24 hours, AUC 24 area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to 24 hours, CI confidence interval, CL R renal clearance of drug from plasma, CL SS /F steady-state apparent body clearance of drug from plasma after oral administration, C max maximum (peak) plasma drug concentration, t max time to reach maximum (peak) plasma concentration following drug administration, XR extended release