Table 2. Baseline and absolute change values for OxLDL, lipoprotein lipids, triglycerides, glucose, insulin and F2-isoprostanes by treatment group in the modified intent-to-treat analysis samplea,b.
| Placebo (n=35) | CG 4.5 g/day (n=33) | CG 1.5 g/day (n=32) | CG combination (n=30) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OxLDL (U/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 57.40 (33.40 to 87.40) | 60.10 (40.70 to 101.80) | 56.40 (35.70 to 85.00) | 56.55 (32.80 to 89.40) |
| Change at week 6 | 3.50 (−26.10 to 18.30) | −3.30 (−21.80 to 12.00) | −0.40 (−14.80 to 16.20) | 2.15 (−13.20 to 70.40) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.035 | 0.412 | 0.970 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 6.16 (4.61 to 7.98) | 5.91 (5.15 to 7.10) | 5.78 (4.97 to 6.73) | 5.87 (4.30 to 7.72) |
| Change at week 6 | 0.23 (−1.63 to 1.76) | −0.10 (−1.26 to 0.90) | 0.00 (−0.91 to 1.06) | 0.16 (−1.43 to 1.35) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.349 | 0.096 | 0.606 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 3.76 (2.64 to 5.78) | 3.96 (3.00 to 5.15) | 3.72 (3.16 to 4.77) | 3.73 (2.59 to 5.36) |
| Change at week 6 | 0.21 (−1.63 to 1.74) | 0.00 (−1.11 to 1.01) | −0.03 (−0.78 to 1.14) | 0.01 (−1.27 to 2.88) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.298 | 0.019 | 0.111 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 1.45 (0.73 to 3.11) | 1.35 (0.80 to 2.02) | 1.35 (0.83 to 2.31) | 1.18 (0.65 to 2.75) |
| Change at week 6 | 0.00 (−0.44 to 0.49) | 0.00 (−0.54 to 0.36) | 0.04 (−0.39 to 0.29) | 0.00 (−0.44 to 0.47) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.965 | 0.961 | 0.992 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 1.29 (0.59 to 9.54) | 1.29 (0.42 to 3.66) | 1.57 (0.63 to 3.36) | 1.58 (0.71 to 5.56) |
| Change at week 6 | −0.09 (−6.59 to 1.79) | 0.03 (−2.05 to 1.29) | −0.06 (−1.73 to 1.47) | 0.04 (−3.83 to 3.44) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.587 | 0.943 | 0.499 |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 5.3 (4.3 to 6.2) | 5.5 (4.4 to 6.2) | 5.3 (4.4 to 6.1) | 5.3 (4.3 to 6.3) |
| Change at week 6 | 0.1 (−0.8 to 1.0) | 0.0 (−0.7 to 3.3) | 0.1 (−0.7 to 0.7) | 0.0 (−1.1 to 1.4) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.974 | 0.995 | 0.496 |
| Insulin (pmol/l) | ||||
| Baseline | 35.4 (13.2 to 336.6) | 42.6 (13.8 to 180.0) | 35.7 (11.4 to 80.4) | 48.6 (14.4 to 201.6) |
| Change at week 6 | 6.6 (−190.8 to 52.2) | 3.0 (−86.4 to 100.2) | 4.8 (−27.0 to 42.6) | −1.5 (−124.2 to 221.4) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.999 | 0.964 | 0.930 |
| F2-isoprostanes (ng/ml) | ||||
| Baseline | 1.6 (0.6 to 5.5) | 2.3 (0.2 to 7.0) | 2.4 (0.4 to 6.5) | 1.9 (0.2 to 9.9) |
| Change at week 6 | 0.0 (−2.4 to 3.0) | 0.1 (−6.0 to 3.0) | −0.1 (−2.6 to 3.1) | 0.0 (−4.9 to 27.4) |
| P-value for changec | — | 0.999 | 0.943 | 0.999 |
Abbreviations: CG, chitin-glucan; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OxLDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein.
Values are medians (minimum to maximum).
Probability values for tests of differences among treatment groups at baseline from analysis of variance model including treatment group, research site and treatment group × research site showed no significant differences.
Probability values for differences between active treatment groups and placebo from analysis of covariance model containing terms for baseline value, treatment group, research site and treatment group × research site. Rank transformations were used before running the models. Dunnett's test was used for pairwise comparisons.