Figure 3.

Relative wall thickness (mean and standard deviation) in healthy, athletically untrained persons of varying body size, endurance athletes, soccer players, strength-endurance athletes (rowers), and strength athletes with and without anabolic drug abuse (total, 230 subjects). Only body-builders taking anabolic drugs had concentric cardiac hypertrophy with a significantly elevated relative wall thickness (p < 0.001). m², body surface area in square meters. Reprinted from (10) with the kind permission of Springer publishers.