Fig 6.

The PilC1 but not PilC2 Ca-binding site is essential for adherence. K. kingae strain KK03 and derivatives were investigated for adherence to Chang human epithelial cells using a quantitative adherence assay. Experiments were performed in triplicate, and averages were calculated from three independent experiments. Error bars represent standard errors of the means. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Bonferroni's posttest to compare adherence levels between the mutants and the parental strains as noted in the text. Asterisks indicate statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences between the mutants and the relevant parental strain.