Table 2.

Compilation of Ophthalmoplegic Migraine Characteristics of Cases Published Between 1987 and 2010 and 4 Additional Cases

Age at onset (y) (median [IQR]) (n = 63)	8 (3, 16), range 0.58–50
Age at best reported bout (y) (median [IQR]) (n = 76)	16 (8, 32), range 1–74
Sex (n = 84)	53 (63%) female
Cranial nerve(s) involved (n = 84)	65 (77%) third
	1 (1%) fourth
	13 (15%) sixth
	5 (6%) multiple
Side (n = 69)	32 (46%) left
	36 (52%) right
	1 (1%) bilateral
Headache location (n = 53)	30 (57%) peri-/retroorbital
	17 (32%) ipsilateral
	6 (11%) other
Headache quality (n = 38)	26 (68%) migrainous
	12 (32%) not migrainous
Interval from headache onset to ophthalmoplegia (d) (median [IQR], range [d]) (n = 54)	1.6 (0.5, 3), range 0–14
Associated features
Photophobia (n = 40)	26 (65%)
Phonophobia (n = 25)	14 (56%)
Nausea (n = 38)	25 (66%)
Vomiting (n = 35)	24 (69%)
History of headaches (n = 41)	34 (83%)
Family history of headache (n = 47)	29 (62%)
Cerebrospinal fluid findings (n = 32)	30 normal (94%), 1 case had IgG index 0.87 and 1 had a single oligoclonal band
Vascular imaging (n = 42)	16 (38%) conventional angiography
	24 (57%) MR angiography
	2 (5%) CT angiography
	Normal in 39 (93%)
Steroid response (n = 26)	54% (14) beneficial
	8% (2) not beneficial
	4% (1) worsened
	35% (9) unclear whether beneficial
Persistent findings (n = 35)	19 (54%)
Subgroup analysis of those who had third nerve involvement and had an MRI with gadolinium during an acute attack (n = 52)
Nerve root thickening (n = 50)	38 (76%)
Nerve root enhancement (n = 52)	39 (75%)

Abbreviations: CT, computed tomographic; IQR, interquartile range; MR, magnetic resonance; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.