Table 2.

Knowledge of health consequences of tobacco smoking by demographic characteristics

	Active smoking causes serious illness	Secondhand smoking causes serious illness
Demographic characteristics	Percentage (95% CI*)	Percentage (95% CI*)
Over all	93.4 (91.0–95.2)	83.8 (81.3–86.1)
Sex
Male	93.7 (91.9–95.1)	84.3 (81.8–86.4)
Female	93.2 (89.9–95.4)	83.4 (80.3–86.1)
Residence
Urban	97.1 (96.4–97.6)	90.8 (89.7–91.8)
Rural	92.1 (88.8–94.5)	81.3 (78.0–84.2)
Ethnic group
Kinh	96.8 (96.1–97.3)	88.2 (87.0–89.2)
Other	84.3 (76.6–89.8)	72.0 (64.7–78.2)
Ecological regions
Red River Delta	97.4 (96.6–98.0)	91.5 (90.2–92.7)
Northern midland and mountain	96.1 (94.6–97.2)	86.2 (82.9–88.9)
North Central area and Central coastal	97.1 (95.0–98.3)	92.6 (90.0–94.5)
Central highlands	98.0 (94.5–99.3)	93.0 (84.6–97.0)
South East	95.1 (93.8–96.2)	82.5 (80.0–84.8)
Mekong River Delta	88.6 (82.1–92.9)	78.9 (72.5–84.1)
Age groups
15–24	93.9 (90.6–96.0)	89.7 (86.1–92.4)
25–34	93.7 (89.0–96.5)	85.0 (79.6–89.1)
35–44	94.0 (89.3–96.7)	84.6 (81.0–87.6)
45–54	95.6 (94.1–96.7)	87.0 (84.8–88.9)
55–64	93.5 (90.1–95.8)	79.1 (75.1–82.6)
>64	87.1 (83.7–89.9)	70.0 (66.1–73.6)
Incomes
Quintile 1	85.3 (78.8–90.1)	69.6 (64.1–74.6)
Quintile 2	96.0 (94.5–97.1)	86.7 (84.1–89.0)
Quintile 3	96.9 (95.6–97.8)	88.9 (86.5–90.8)
Quintile 4	97.9 (97.0–98.6)	92.1 (90.6–93.4)
Quintile 5	97.7 (96.8–98.3)	94.8 (93.5–95.8)
Education
Primary or less	84.5 (79.0–88.7)	64.6 (60.3–68.7)
Lower secondary	96.8 (95.4–97.8)	88.7 (86.6–90.5)
Upper secondary	98.2 (96.9–99.0)	95.0 (93.1–96.3)
College and/or above	99.1 (98.4–99.5)	97.1 (95.8–97.9)

^*95% confidence interval.

N=9,919 individuals from 656 PSUs of 6 strata.