Table 3. Summary of publications investigating EGFR and PIK3CA Mutations in Biliary Tract Carcinoma.
| # | Author | Year | No. of patients | EGFR mutations | EGFR mutation type | PIK3CA mutations | PIK3CA mutation type | Response to inhibitor | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gwak et al. (36) | 2005 | 22 | 3/22 (13.6%) | Del Exon 19 | ND | ND | Korea | |
| 2 | Bekaii-saab et al. (37) | 2005 | 40^ | 0/40 (0%) | ND | ND | US | ||
| 3 | Leone et al. (38) | 2006 | 40 | *6/40 (15%) | ** | ND | ND | Italy | |
| 4 | Aglietta et al. (39) | 2007 | 49 | 7/49 (14.3%) | *** | 5/49 (10.2%) | *** | ND | Italy |
| 5 | Riener et al. (40) | 2008 | 68 | ND | 2/68 (2.9%) | E542K, E545K | ND | Switzerland | |
| 6 | Iyer et al. (31) | 2008 | 3 | 0/3 (0%) | 0/3 (0%) | ND | US | ||
| 7 | Lubner et al. (41) | 2010 | 26 | 3/26 (11.5%) | EGFR vIII† | ND | 1/3 CR (NS) | US | |
| 8 | Xu et al. (42) | 2010 | 34 | ND | 11/34 (32.4%) | E545K/D, E542K | ND | China | |
| TOTAL | 19/180 (10.5%) | 18/154 (11.7%) |
ND, not done; NA, not available; CR, Confirmed Response; NS, not significant. ^Total number of hepatocellular and biliary carcinomas. *Leone et al. found two substitution mutations (C775Y, T790M) in exon 20, two missense point mutations (A864T, E872K) in exon 21, and one patient with two substitution mutations (G882S, V843I) and a silent one (L858R), all in exon 21. **Leone et al. also found silent mutation 787 (Gln; CAG-to-CAA) in exon 20 in 36 of 40 samples. ***Aglietta et al. found five hotspot mutations of PI3K (codon 545, 546, 1048 and 1059) in four cases (10.2%); Mutations of EGFR have been detected in 7 out of 49 samples (14.3%). One of them was a new stop-codon mutation. †Lubner et al. found EGFR intron 1 polymorphism and Q787 G > G SNP in 15 and 6 of 26 samples, respectively