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. 2011 Sep 30;4(9):516–526. doi: 10.4066/AMJ.2011.849

Table 1. Determinants of utilisation of antenatal care content (community fixed effects).

VARIABLES Model (1) Model (2) Model (3)
Place of antenatal care: Government facility 1.79***
(0)
Private facility 1.72***
(0)
Mother's education: primary −0.12** −0.10
(0.04) (0.11)
Secondary 0.21** 0 29***
(0.04) (0.00)
Postsecondary 0.40** 0.52***
(0.04) (0.00)
Partner'seducation: primary 0.06 0.07
(0.40) (0.35)
Secondary 0.29*** 0.27***
(0.00) (0.00)
Postsecondary 0.24* 0.23*
(0.05) (0.06)
Location: rural −0.41*** −0.41*** −0.31***
(1.44e−05) (6.77e−06) (0.00)
Access to media:<once a week 0.15* 0.11 0.20**
(0.09) (0.22) (0.034)
At least once a week 0.57*** 0.55*** 0.69***
(6.91e−07) (7.64e−07) (1.71e−08)
Every day 0.57*** 0.54*** 0.70***
(0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
Difficulty during pregnancy 0.14* 0.13 0.12
(0.09) (0.11) (0.18)
Wealth quintiles:Poor −0.10 −0.10 −0.09
(0.14) (0.13) (0.20)
Medium 0.03 0.05 0.03
(0.69) (0.48) (0.64)
Rich 0.08 0.11 0.12
(0.32) (0.18) (0.17)
Richest 0.28** 0.34*** 0.40***
(0.01) (0.00) (0.00)
Number of antenatal visits 0.62*** 0.59*** 0.68***
(0) (0) (0)
Number of months of pregnancy of 1s visit −0.12* −0.12* −0.06
(0.09) (0.07) (0.39)
Practising family planning 0.12*** 0.12***
(2.99e−05) (1.22e−05)
Trained antenatal care provider 0.62*** 0.62***
(1.73e−10) (8.33e−10)
Mother's occupation:Agriculture −0.25**
(0.01)
Services −0.05
(0.77)
Blue collar −0.19
(0.16)
Partner's occupation:Agriculture 0.03
(0.70)
Services 0.35**
(0.01)
Blue collar 0.14
(0.11)
Constant 2.10*** 0.92*** 2.01***
(0) (0.00) (0)
Observations 3,77 3,86 3,44
R-squared 0.18 0.20 0.16

Notes: Religion, and age cohorts of mothers have been controlled for but the results have not been shown. The regional dummies/cross-section units are eliminated from the analysis by the fixed effects transformation.