Table 3.

Oxidative stress in critically ill children with sepsis.

Study	Population	Biomarker	Result
Seema et al [56]	Neonatal sepsis (n=30)	SOD, GPx*	↑ vs. healthy controls No Δ sepsis vs. septic shock
Batra et al [57]	Neonatal sepsis (n=30)	MDA, UA, Alb, XO, SOD, GPx*	↑ MDA, XO, SOD, GPx ↓ UA, Alb vs. healthy controls
Nemeth et al [58]	Pediatric sepsis (n=34	XO#, GSSG/GSH*	↑ XO, ↑ GSSG/GSH vs. healthy controls
Kapoor et al [59]	Neonatal sepsis (n=44)	MDA, UA, Alb, SOD, Cat, GPx*	↑ MDA, SOD, GPx, Cat ↓UA, Alb vs. healthy controls
Cherian et al [60]	Pediatric sepsis (n=38)	GSH, SOD, TBARS, vit C*	↓ vit C No Δ GSH, SOD, TBARS vs. healthy controls

Note: SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPx (Glutathione peroxidase), MDA (malondialdehyde), UA (uric acid), Alb (albumin), XO (xanthine oxidase), GSSG/GSH (ratio between oxidized and reduced glutathione), Cat (catalase), TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances), vit C (Vitamin C)

^*Samples obtained from serum or plasma

^# Samples obtained from urine