Table 2.
Estimated Median Lumefantrine (LUM) Blood Concentrations for Different Plasmodium falciparum Multidrug Resistance Gene 1 (pfmdr1) Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and Haplotypes
| pfmdr1 | No. | LUM CEST, nM | Interquartile Range | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SNP | ||||
| N86 | 166 | 25.4 | 3.85–72.7 | < .001 |
| 86Y | 37 | 2.08 | 0.248–4.43 | |
| 184F | 80 | 34.5 | 10.5–87.5 | < .001 |
| Y184 | 127 | 4.09 | 0.879–25.4 | |
| D1246 | 195 | 15.9 | 2.26–46.4 | .006 |
| 1246Y | 23 | 3.23 | 0.293–10.9 | |
| Haplotype | ||||
| NFD | 64 | 31.4 | 10.5–76.1 | |
| NYD | 63 | 15.8 | 2.53–46 | .045 |
| YYY | 15 | 2.16 | 0.293–3.77 | ≤.001 |
| YYD | 15 | 0.678 | 0.108–3.87 | ≤.001 |
Abbreviation: CEST, estimated LUM concentration.
Combinations of pfmdr1 polymorphisms at codon N86Y, Y184F, D1246Y. Mann–Whitney rank sum test was used to compare estimated lumefantrine concentrations between SNPs and the NFD haplotype against other haplotypes.