Table 4.
Offspring and Family Variables at Most Severe Time Point by Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) Status During Follow-Up
| Offspring Variables | No NSSI (n = 326) | NSSI (n = 26) | Test | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suicide attempt, % (n/n) | 2.8 (9/326) | 26.9 (7/26) | FET | < .001 |
| DSM-IV diagnoses, % (n/n) | ||||
| Depression | 29.1 (91/313) | 61.5 (16/26) | χ2 = 11.71 | .001 |
| Bipolar disorder | 4.4 (14/317) | 7.7 (2/26) | FET | .35 |
| Anxiety disorder | 22.1 (69/312) | 34.6 (9/26) | χ2 = 2.11 | .15 |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | 3.9 (11/282) | 8.0 (2/25) | FET | .29 |
| Alcohol or substance abuse | 13.3 (43/323) | 7.7 (2/26) | FET | .55 |
| Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disordera | 12.9 (36/279) | 29.2 (7/24) | FET | .06 |
| Disruptive behavior disordera | 13.6 (21/154) | 38.1 (8/21) | FET | .01 |
| Eating disorder | 7.7 (2/26) | 0.0 (0/9) | FET | > .99 |
| Cluster B personality disorderb | 4.8 (8/168) | 25.0 (1/4) | FET | .20 |
| Clinical characteristics, mean ± SD | ||||
| Depressive symptomsc | 0.4 ± 1.3 | 1.3 ± 1.6 | t = −2.73 | .007 |
| Hopelessnessc | 0.4 ± 1.2 | 1.0 ± 1.5 | t = −1.82 | .08 |
| Impulsivityc | 0.2 ± 1.0 | 0.6 ± 1.2 | t = −1.63 | .11 |
| Impulsive aggressionc | 0.2 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 0.8 | t = −2.81 | .005 |
| Aggression | −0.04 ± 0.9 | 0.5 ± 1.6 | t = −1.65 | .11 |
| Anxiety | 18.5 ± 14.1 | 25.8 ± 10.9 | t = −2.23 | .03 |
| Self-reported depressive symptomsc | 0.4 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 1.7 | t = −2.13 | .04 |
| Current suicidal ideation | 0.3 ± 1.4 | 2.5 ± 5.9 | t = −1.81 | .08 |
| Highest lifetime suicidal ideation | 0.5 ± 2.1 | 3.6 ± 7.4 | t = −2.00 | .06 |
| Physical or sexual abuse | 16.7 (54/324) | 16.7 (3/18) | FET | > .99 |
| Family characteristics: adaptability and cohesion | 51.7 ± 8.6 | 46.7 ± 10.0 | t = 2.18 | .03 |
a
Assessed only in offspring aged < 18 years.
b
Assessed only in offspring aged ≥ 18 years.
c
Standardized to produce z scores.
Abbreviations: DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition; FET = Fisher exact test.