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Outline of experimental design. Rats were subjected to 90-min MCAO with 48 hrs of reperfusion. NBO was initiated 5 min after MCAO onset and minocycline (3 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle (5% soluntol in saline) was intravenously administered 15 min after reperfusion onset. Outcome parameters including hemispheric swelling, infarction, MMP-2/9, tight junction protein occludin, AIF, and cleaved caspase-3 and -9 were determined at the end of reperfusion.
