Table 1.
Sampling localities and sample sizes for mtDNA/nuclear sequences/microsatellites
| locality | temensis (t) | pinima (p) | vazzoleri (v) | thyrorus (y) | jariina (j) | piquiti (q) | melaniae (a) | mirianae (r) | intermedia (j) | orinocensis (o) | ocellaris (c) | monoculus (m) | nigromaculata (n) | kelberi (k) | pleiozona (z) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TI |
Tigre |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/3/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| GU |
Guanipa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4/2/4 |
|
|
|
|
|
| BJ |
Buja |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/-/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| GR |
Guri Reservoir (Caroni) |
11/1/8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| SI |
Sipao |
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/5/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| CA |
Caura |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15/1/12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| CV |
Cunavichito |
1/-/1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/-/3 |
|
|
|
|
|
| CP |
Capanaparo |
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/2/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| CI |
Cinaruco |
12/1/26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/1/10 |
11/3/11 |
|
|
|
|
|
| PZ |
Parguaza |
2/-/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/2/2 |
12/-/12 |
|
|
|
|
|
| AT |
Atabapo |
10/1/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/-/2 |
10/1/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| VE |
Ventuari |
9/-/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12/1/12 |
12/2/25 |
|
|
|
|
|
| OR |
Orinoco |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4/-/4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| IG |
Iguapo |
1/1/- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| OC |
Ocamo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/1/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| MV |
Mavaca |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/2/10 |
|
|
| CR |
Curamoni |
3/-/3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7/-/7 |
|
|
|
|
|
| PA |
Perro de Agua |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16/-/16 |
|
|
|
|
|
| CQ |
Casiquiare |
1/-/1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15/1/15 |
2/-/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| PS |
Pasiba |
10/1/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17/4/17 |
|
|
17/4/17 |
|
|
| UA |
Uaupes |
11/-/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20/-/20 |
|
|
|
|
|
| IM |
Ia-mirim |
1/-/- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5/-/5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| TE |
Teá |
1/-/1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
1/-/- |
|
|
| MR |
Marauiá |
9/-/7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
11/1/10 |
|
|
| UE |
Uneiuxi |
10/-/5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23/4/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| DA |
Daraá |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/-/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| PT |
Preto |
1/-/1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| BC |
Barcelos |
7/-/7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/-/1 |
|
10/4/10 |
|
|
|
| PI |
Pirara (Takutu) |
5/1/5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11/1/11 |
|
|
|
|
| ES |
Essequibo (Rupununi) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13/3/10 |
|
|
|
|
| CY |
Cuyuni |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/1 |
|
|
|
|
| MA |
Maroni |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/2/2 |
|
|
|
|
| XE |
Xeruini |
9/2/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/6/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| TA |
Tapera |
12/2/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/5/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| UN |
Unini |
16/3/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12/4/12 |
|
12/3/10 |
|
|
|
| NA |
Novo Airão |
11/-/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
11/-/10 |
|
|
|
| PE |
Preta da Eva |
4/-/4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6/-/6 |
|
2/-/2 |
|
|
|
| UR |
Urubu |
3/-/3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| PL |
Pucallpa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/-/- |
|
|
|
| IQ |
Iquitos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/2/4 |
|
|
|
| TB |
Tabatinga |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22/-/9 |
|
|
|
| JA |
Juruá (Carauari) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/-/- |
|
|
|
| EI |
Eirunepé |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/-/3 |
|
|
|
| CS |
Cruzeiro do Sul |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
| AM |
Lago Amaná |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/9 |
|
|
|
| TF |
Tefé |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/-/7 |
|
|
|
| CO |
Coari |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6/-/6 |
|
|
|
| PP |
Piagaçu-Purus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
| TP |
Tapauá |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11/-/10 |
|
|
|
| LB |
Labrea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/-/2 |
|
|
|
| BA |
Boca do Acre |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20/-/10 |
|
|
|
| MC |
Manacapuru |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
| IA |
Igapu-Açu |
10/2/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/1/10 |
|
|
|
| BO |
Borba |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
| CM |
Canumã |
|
10/1/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13/-/13 |
|
|
|
| AP |
Aripuanã |
|
13/2/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/-/3 |
|
|
|
| HU |
Humaita |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9/-/9 |
|
|
|
| MD |
Machado |
|
2/1/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| CN |
Cunia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20/-/10 |
|
|
|
| CC |
Canaçari |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/8 |
|
|
|
| MS |
Maués |
|
9/1/8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/7 |
|
|
|
| JT |
Jatapu (Uatumã) |
|
|
5/5/5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NH |
Nhamunda |
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/9 |
|
|
|
| TS |
Terra Santa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
| TR |
Trombetas (abv. rapids) |
|
|
|
2/2/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| OX |
Oriximiná |
|
|
15/2/14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| LG |
Lago Grande |
|
9/-/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| TL |
Tapajós mouth |
|
10/2/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| IT |
Itaituba |
|
10/3/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14/-/9 |
|
|
|
| JC |
Jacareacanga |
|
8/-/8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5/-/5 |
|
|
|
| CU |
Curuá-Una |
|
5/1/5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| PU |
Paru |
|
6/1/6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13/-/10 |
|
|
|
| GA |
Guajara |
|
10/-/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| VX |
Vitória do Xingu |
|
4/1/4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
|
|
| JR |
Jari (lower) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/1/10 |
|
|
|
| JU |
Jari (above waterfalls) |
|
|
|
|
9/5/9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| AR |
Araguari |
|
6/1/6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/1/2 |
|
|
|
| AF |
Alta Floresta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5/5/5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| SM |
Suia Missu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/2/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| XA |
Xingu (Altamira) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/2/2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| IR |
Iriri |
|
|
|
|
|
|
19/5/13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| TO |
Tocantins (Baião) |
|
4/-/4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/10 |
|
| AG |
Araguatins |
|
|
|
|
|
10/-/7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| SF |
São Felix do Araguaia |
|
|
|
|
|
10/5/10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/5/10 |
|
| AB |
Abunã |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7/-/7 |
| GM |
Guajará-Mirim |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10/4/9 |
| MP |
Manuripi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12/-/- |
| YT |
Yata |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9/-/- |
| SC |
Secure |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/-/- |
| SM |
San Martin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6/-/- |
| IC |
Ichilo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4/-/- |
| PG |
Paragua |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/-/- |
| Totals | 190/15/181 | 116/14/110 | 20/7/19 | 2/2/2 | 9/5/9 | 20/5/17 | 21/7/15 | 15/7/15 | 80/7/75 | 243/41/245 | 27/7/24 | 324/12/257 | 32/4/29 | 20/5/20 | 58/4/16 |
Codes for localities and species names are used in Figure 1.