Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Cell Res. 2012 Nov 27;319(4):556–565. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.11.012

Figure 3. HMGB1 is required for IL-2-induced autophagy.

Figure 3

(A) MEFs were treated with IL-2 (6000 U/ml) for six to 48 hours, and HMGB1 expression in nuclear and cytosolic fraction were assayed by Western blot. Fibrillarin is a nuclear fraction control, and tubulin is a cytoplasmic fraction control. (B) In parallel, the HMGB1-beclin 1 complex at 48 hours after IL-2 (6000 U/ml) treatment was assessed as indicated by co-immunoprecipitation or Western blotting. (C-E) HMGB1+/+ and HMGB1−/− MEFs were treated with IL-2 (6000 U/ml) for 48 hours. Autophagy was assayed by Western blot analysis of LC3 expression (C) or quantitation of average number of LC3 puncta (indicated by the red arrows) per cell by confocal microscopy (D) or the number of autophagic vacuoles (indicated by the red arrows) by TEM (E) as described in the methods section (* p < 0.05).