Table 3.
Hazard ratios (95% CI) for atrial fibrillation according to average sleep duration in Physicians' Health Study
| Sleep duration (hours) |
Cases/person- years |
Crude incidence rate (1,000 person-years) |
Hazards Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
| ≤6.0 | 325/33794 | 9.6 | 0.97 (0.85 – 1.12) | 1.08 (0.94 – 1.24) | 1.06 (0.92 – 1.22) | 1.06 (0.92 – 1.22) |
| 7.0 | 540/54651 | 9.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≥8.0 | 603/40370 | 14.9 | 1.51 (1.35 – 1.70) | 1.16 (1.03 – 1.31) | 1.14 (1.01 – 1.28) | 1.13 (1.00 – 1.27) |
| P (linear trend) | <0.0001 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.26 | ||
Model 1: Age and race adjusted
Model 2: Age, race, exercise frequency, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking category, sleep apnea, snoring
Model 3: Age, race, exercise frequency, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking category, history of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, snoring, coronary heart disease, and congestive heart failure