Table 2.
Comparison of Yoga Participants, Based on Qualitative Study Inclusion
| Included | Excluded | P Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 42 | 16 | |
| Age | 0.694 | ||
| M (SD) | 59.1 (7.1) | 58.3 (6.5) | |
| Range | 50 –76 | 48 –73 | |
| Gender | 0.335 | ||
| Female | 38 (90.5%) | 13 (81.3%) | |
| Male | 4 (9.5%) | 3 (18.8%) | |
| Currently Married | 25 (59.5%) | 5 (31.3%) | 0.054 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.127 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 32 (76.2%) | 15 (93.8%) | |
| Racial/Ethnic minority | 10 (23.8%) | 1 (6.3%) | |
| Education | 0.196 | ||
| < 4 years of college | 11 (26.2%) | 7 (43.8%) | |
| >=4 years of college | 31(73.8%) | 9 (56.3%) | |
| Currently Employed | 26 (61.9%) | 10 (62.5%) | 0.967 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 12 (28.6%) | 8 (50%) | 0.125 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 0.946 | ||
| M (SD) Median |
32.8 (8.4) 30.1 |
33.0 (5.5) 30.8 |
|
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 0.199 | ||
| M (SD) | 131 (21) | 123 (19) | |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 0.052 | ||
| M (SD) | 75 (10) | 69 (9) | |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 0.042 | ||
| M (SD) | 6.0 (0.7) | 6.5 (0.9) | |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 0.064 | ||
| M (SD) | 108.6 (28.7) | 125.4 (34.5) | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.553 | ||
| M (SD) | 202.3 (48.5) | 193.6 (52.5) | |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.004 | ||
| M (SD) | 55.0 (13.0) | 46.1 (8.5) | |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.658 | ||
| M (SD) | 126.9 (41.5) | 121.3 (45.2) | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 0.075 | ||
| M (SD) | 121.0 (75.9) | 157.2 (38.9) | |
| History of Depression | 9 (21.4%) | 3 (18.8%) | 0.875 |
| History of Anxiety | 4 (9.5%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0.702 |
| Former smoker | 10 (23.8%) | 5 (31.3%) | 0.384 |
*
To assess differences in continuous variables, independent t-tests were used. For categorical variables, Χ2 analyses were used.