Table 2.
Some Characteristics and Reactivity of Immunoblotting, ELISA, and FRNT Assay in 20 Immunoblotting-Positive Sera
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Hantavirus IgG ELISA (Focus Diagnostic) |
Hantavirus IgG Immunoblotting assay (Euroimmun) |
Immunoblotting assay |
FRNTa |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sera nos. | Age/gender | Contact with rodents at home | Contact with rodents in outbuildings | Working in pastures | Cutting or Handling wood | Test value | Serotype PUUV, DOBV, HTNV | Probable serotype | PUUV | DOBV | SAAV |
| 1 | 41/m | + | + | + | 5,15 | −, ++, − | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 | |
| 2 | 54/m | − | + | + | + | 1,53 | −, +,+ | DOBV/HTNV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 3 | 54/f | − | + | − | − | 1,76 | −, +,+ | DOBV/HTNV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 4 | 81/f | − | + | + | + | 1,97 | −, ++, − | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 5 | 70/m | + | + | + | + | 2,32 | −, ++,+ | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 6 | 17/f | − | + | − | + | 1,45 | −, +, − | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 7 | 39/f | + | + | − | + | 3,57 | −, +, − | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 8 | 20/f | − | − | − | − | 1,18 | +,+++,+++ | DOBV/HTNV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 9 | 20/f | − | − | − | − | 1,16 | +,+, − | DOBV /PUUV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 10 | 71/f | + | + | + | + | 3,21 | +,++,+ | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 11 | 75/m | − | − | + | + | 1,26 | +, −, ++ | HTNV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 12 | 41/m | − | + | + | + | 1,41 | ++,+,+ | PUUV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 13 | 36/f | − | + | + | − | 2,04 | +,+++,+++ | DOBV/HTNV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 14 | 54/m | − | + | + | + | 1,62 | −, ++,+ | DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 15 | 44/f | − | + | + | + | 1,11 | ++,++, − | PUUV/DOBV | <40 | <40 | <40 |
| 16 | 48/f | − | + | + | + | 1,59 | ++, −, − | PUUV | >40 | <40 | <40 |
| 17 | 18/m | + | + | + | + | 2,34 | +,+, − | PUUV/DOBV | >40 | <40 | <40 |
| 18 | 37/m | − | + | + | + | 1,42 | +,+, − | PUUV/DOBV | >40 | <40 | <40 |
| 19 | 75/m | + | + | + | + | 8,51 | ++,+++,+++ | DOBV/HTNV | <40 | 160 | 160 |
| 20 | 80/f | + | + | + | + | 9,73 | +,+++,+++ | DOBV/HTNV | 40 | 640 | 160 |
For the positive samples, the sample numbers, the serotype, and their titers are in boldface.
a
Cutoff value=1:40. Sera 16–18 are confirmed as specific for the Puumala virus, serum no. 19 is equally reactive to Dobrava and Saaremaa viruses, serum no. 20 is Dobrava virus specific.
ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FRNT, focus reduction neutralization test; IgG, immunoglobulin G; PUUV, Puumala virus; DOBV, Dobrava virus; HTNV, Hantaan virus; m, male; f, female; −, negative; +, positive.