Figure 5.

Global effects of alcohol abuse on transcriptomes of four brain cell classes. Direction and magnitude of alcohol-induced changes were estimated by plotting t distributions for genes enriched in a specific cell type (cell-type specificity was determined based on Cahoy et al., 2008; Oldham et al., 2008). A t value represents the magnitude and direction of alcohol effects (t < 0 indicates downregulation; t > 0 indicates upregulation by alcohol). Left column, Average t distributions for each cell class for three brain regions. Right column, Corresponding average ± SEM t values (*p < 0.05; based on one-sample t test comparing average t values to zero chance with a Bonferroni's correction). Gray arrow points to a bump on cortical distribution caused by a cluster of alcohol upregulated genes (all t > 2).