Table 1.
Prevalence Rates per 100,000 Medicaid-enrolled children of SLE and Lupus Nephritis among U.S. children less than 18 years old, 2000–2004
| SLE | Lupus Nephritis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denominator* | Cases (% of total) | Prevalence | 95% CI | Cases (% of total) | Prevalence | 95% CI | |
| Total | 30,420,597 | 2,959 (100) | 9.73 | 9.38 – 10.08 | 1,106 (100) | 3.64 | 3.43 – 3.86 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 15,087,004 | 2,480 (83.8) | 16.44 | 15.80 – 17.10 | 901 (81.5) | 5.97 | 5.59 – 6.37 |
| Male | 15,333,593 | 479 (16.2) | 3.12 | 2.86 – 3.42 | 205 (18.5) | 1.34 | 1.17 – 1.53 |
| Age (years) | |||||||
| 3–<6 | 11,365,324 | 55 (1.9) | 0.48 | 0.37 – 0.63 | 19 (1.7) | 0.17 | 0.11 – 0.26 |
| Female | 5,548,523 | 42 (1.4) | 0.76 | 0.56 – 1.02 | 16 (1.4) | 0.29 | 0.18 – 0.47 |
| Male | 5,816,801 | 13 (0.5) | 0.22 | 0.13 – 0.38 | 3 (0.3) | 0.05 | 0.02 – 0.16 |
| 6–<9 | 9,969,015 | 140 (4.7) | 1.40 | 1.19 – 1.66 | 47 (4.3) | 0.47 | 0.35 – 0.63 |
| Female | 4,864,918 | 111 (3.8) | 2.28 | 1.89 – 2.75 | 37 (3.3) | 0.76 | 0.55 – 1.05 |
| Male | 5,104,097 | 29 (0.9) | 0.57 | 0.39 – 0.82 | 10 (1.0) | 0.20 | 0.11 – 0.36 |
| 9–<12 | 9,303,079 | 453 (15.3) | 4.87 | 4.44 – 5.34 | 159 (14.4) | 1.71 | 1.46 – 2.00 |
| Female | 4,537,477 | 370 (12.5) | 8.15 | 7.36 – 9.03 | 134 (12.1) | 2.95 | 2.49 – 3.50 |
| Male | 4,765,602 | 83 (2.8) | 1.74 | 1.40 – 2.16 | 25 (2.3) | 0.52 | 0.35 – 0.78 |
| 12–<15 | 8,268,263 | 923 (31.2) | 11.16 | 10.47 – 11.91 | 344 (31.1) | 4.16 | 3.74 – 4.62 |
| Female | 4,049,181 | 769 (2.6) | 18.99 | 17.70 – 20.38 | 283 (25.6) | 6.99 | 6.22 – 7.85 |
| Male | 4,219,082 | 154 (5.2) | 3.65 | 3.12 – 4.27 | 61 (5.5) | 1.45 | 1.12 – 1.86 |
| 15–<18 | 7,335,965 | 1,388 (46.9) | 18.92 | 17.95 – 19.94 | 537 (48.6) | 7.32 | 6.73 – 7.97 |
| Female | 3,830,632 | 1188 (4.0) | 31.01 | 29.30 – 32.83 | 431 (39.0) | 11.25 | 10.24 – 12.37 |
| Male | 3,505,333 | 200 (6.8) | 5.71 | 4.97 – 6.55 | 106 (9.6) | 3.02 | 2.50 – 3.66 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||
| African-American | 8,329,751 | 1173 (39.6) | 14.08 | 13.30 – 14.91 | 482 (43.6) | 5.79 | 5.29 – 6.33 |
| Female | 4,165,315 | 993 (3.4) | 23.84 | 22.40 – 25.37 | 406 (36.7) | 9.75 | 8.84 – 10.74 |
| Male | 4,164,436 | 180 (6.1) | 4.32 | 3.73 – 5.00 | 76 (6.9) | 1.82 | 1.46 – 2.29 |
| Hispanic | 6,527,326 | 751 (25.4) | 11.51 | 10.71 – 12.36 | 281 (25.4) | 4.30 | 3.83 – 4.84 |
| Female | 3,257,913 | 626 (21.2) | 19.21 | 17.77 – 20.78 | 221 (20.0) | 6.78 | 5.95 – 7.74 |
| Male | 3,269,413 | 125 (42.2) | 3.82 | 3.21 – 4.56 | 60 (5.4) | 1.84 | 1.42 – 2.36 |
| White | 12,505,440 | 608 (20.6) | 4.86 | 4.49 – 5.26 | 149 (13.5) | 1.19 | 1.01 – 1.40 |
| Female | 6,181,429 | 511 (17.3) | 8.27 | 7.58 – 9.02 | 120 (10.8) | 1.94 | 1.62 – 2.32 |
| Male | 6,324,011 | 97 (3.3) | 1.53 | 1.26 – 1.87 | 29 (2.7) | 0.46 | 0.32 – 0.66 |
| Asian | 874,234 | 208 (7.0) | 23.79 | 20.77 – 27.26 | 98 (8.9) | 11.21 | 9.20 – 13.66 |
| Female | 426,835 | 175 (5.9) | 41.00 | 35.35 – 47.55 | 82 (7.4) | 19.21 | 15.47 – 23.85 |
| Male | 447,399 | 33 (1.1) | 7.38 | 5.24 – 10.38 | 16 (1.5) | 3.58 | 2.19 – 5.84 |
| Native American | 455,991 | 61 (2.1) | 13.38 | 10.41 – 17.19 | 28 (2.5) | 6.14 | 4.24 – 8.89 |
| Female | 226,415 | 43 (1.5) | 18.99 | 14.08 – 25.61 | 18 (1.6) | 7.95 | 5.01 – 12.62 |
| Male | 229,576 | 18 (0.7) | 7.84 | 4.94 – 12.44 | 10 (0.9) | 4.36 | 2.34 – 8.10 |
| Other | 1,727,855 | 158 (5.3) | 9.14 | 7.82 – 10.69 | 68 (6.2) | 3.94 | 3.10 – 4.99 |
| Female | 829,097 | 132 (4.5) | 15.92 | 13.42 – 18.88 | 54 (4.9) | 6.51 | 4.99 – 8.50 |
| Male | 898,758 | 26 (0.8) | 2.89 | 1.97 – 4.25 | 14 (1.3) | 1.56 | 0.92 – 2.63 |
| Geographic Region | |||||||
| South | 12,386,156 | 1239 (41.9) | 10.00 | 9.46 – 10.58 | 468 (42.3) | 3.78 | 3.45 – 4.14 |
| West | 6,706,321 | 681 (23.0) | 10.15 | 9.42 – 10.95 | 258 (23.3) | 3.85 | 3.41 – 4.35 |
| Northeast | 5,347,669 | 559 (18.9) | 10.45 | 9.62 – 11.36 | 215 (19.4) | 4.02 | 3.52 – 4.60 |
| Midwest | 5,980,451 | 480 (16.2) | 8.03 | 7.34 – 8.78 | 165 (14.9) | 2.76 | 2.37 – 3.21 |
*
The denominators for the total cohort, and those for each strata of age, race/ethnicity and geographic region, include all Medicaid enrolled children between 3–<18y at any time between 2000–2004. Hence the sum of the substrata denominators does not equal that of the total cohort.